The Impact and Mechanism of Career Expectations of Only Child Families on Academic Performance in Distance Education

Based on PISA2022 data, this study analyzes the impact of family career expectations on the academic performance of only child and the mediating mechanism. Research has found that (1) only child have significantly higher academic performance, family career expectations, self career expectations, and self-efficacy than non- only child; (2) Family career expectations positively predict academic performance; (3) Self career expectations play a mediating role between family career expectations and academic performance; (4) Self efficacy plays a mediating role between family career expectations and academic performance; (5) Self career expectations and self-efficacy play a chain mediating role in the relationship between family vocational education expectations and academic performance.