雅典娜 X 射线整体外场装置的生命周期评估

IF 2.7 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Didier Barret, Vincent Albouys, Jürgen Knödlseder, Xavier Loizillon, Matteo D’Andrea, Florence Ardellier, Simon Bandler, Pieter Dieleman, Lionel Duband, Luc Dubbeldam, Claudio Macculi, Eduardo Medinaceli, François Pajot, Damien Prêle, Laurent Ravera, Tanguy Thibert, Isabel Vera Trallero, Natalie Webb
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引用次数: 0

摘要

X 射线积分场装置(X-IFU)是将在欧洲航天局(欧空局)雅典娜空间观测站上飞行的高分辨率 X 射线光谱仪。它是由法国领导的一个国际财团开发的,涉及欧空局的十二个成员国和美国。它是一种低温仪器,采用了最先进的技术,如微型量热计,由低噪声电子设备读出。由于该仪器正在进行系统要求审查(2022 年),因此进行了生命周期评估(LCA),以估算与 X-IFU 联合体负责的子系统开发有关的环境影响。评估包括子系统的供应、制造和测试,以及涉及的物流和人力。我们发现,对环境影响最大的是测试活动(与洁净室的能源消耗有关)、办公室工作(与办公楼的能源消耗有关)和仪器制造(与矿物和金属资源的使用有关)。此外,尽管联合企业采取了减少飞行的政策,但商务旅行也是另一个值得关注的领域。由于目前正在对仪器进行重新设计,以适应欧空局设定的新边界,因此将对生命周期评估进行更新,重点关注第一次迭代中发现的热点。将于 2023 年合并的新配置与之前研究的版本有很大不同,其特点是增加了联盟的责任范围。这需要纳入更新的生命周期评估,保持减少 X-IFU 环境足迹的雄心,同时遵守其在性能和风险管理方面的严格要求。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Life cycle assessment of the Athena X-ray integral field unit

Life cycle assessment of the Athena X-ray integral field unit

The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) is the high-resolution X-ray spectrometer to fly on board the Athena Space Observatory of the European Space Agency (ESA). It is being developed by an international Consortium led by France, involving twelve ESA member states, plus the United States. It is a cryogenic instrument, involving state of the art technology, such as micro-calorimeters, to be read out by low noise electronics. As the instrument was undergoing its system requirement review (in 2022), a life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to estimate the environmental impacts associated with the development of the sub-systems that were under the responsibility of the X-IFU Consortium. The assessment included the supply, manufacturing and testing of sub systems, as well as involved logistics and manpower. We find that the most significant environmental impacts arise from testing activities, which is related to energy consumption in clean rooms, office work, which is related to energy consumption in office buildings, and instrument manufacturing, which is related to the use of mineral and metal resources. Furthermore, business travels is another area of concern, despite the policy to reduced flying adopted by the Consortium. As the instrument is now being redesigned to fit within the new boundaries set by ESA, the LCA will be updated, with a focus on the hot spots identified in the first iteration. The new configuration, consolidated in 2023, is significantly different from the previously studied version and is marked by an increase of the perimeter of responsibility for the Consortium. This will need to be folded in the updated LCA, keeping the ambition to reduce the environmental footprint of X-IFU, while complying with its stringent requirements in terms of performance and risk management.

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来源期刊
Experimental Astronomy
Experimental Astronomy 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
3.30%
发文量
57
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Many new instruments for observing astronomical objects at a variety of wavelengths have been and are continually being developed. Furthermore, a vast amount of effort is being put into the development of new techniques for data analysis in order to cope with great streams of data collected by these instruments. Experimental Astronomy acts as a medium for the publication of papers of contemporary scientific interest on astrophysical instrumentation and methods necessary for the conduct of astronomy at all wavelength fields. Experimental Astronomy publishes full-length articles, research letters and reviews on developments in detection techniques, instruments, and data analysis and image processing techniques. Occasional special issues are published, giving an in-depth presentation of the instrumentation and/or analysis connected with specific projects, such as satellite experiments or ground-based telescopes, or of specialized techniques.
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