A. M. Shephard, S. R. Lagon, S. Jacobsen, K. Millar, C. C. Ledon-Rettig
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The plains spadefoot (Spea bombifrons) presents an excellent system for testing this question, since larvae of this species have evolved to use two alternate diet types: an ancestral detritus-based diet and a more novel diet of live shrimp. While previous work has shown that feeding on the novel shrimp diet influences juvenile (i.e., post-metamorphic) behavior and corticosterone levels, it is unclear whether these diet-induced carryover effects are mediated by diet-induced corticosterone, itself. To test for the mechanistic role of corticosterone in diet-induced carryover effects, we experimentally treated S. bombifrons larvae with exogenous corticosterone and measured subsequent effects on juvenile behavior and corticosterone levels. We found that while shrimp-fed larvae had elevated corticosterone levels, treatment of larvae with corticosterone itself had effects on juvenile behavior that partially resembled those carryover effects induced by the shrimp diet, such as altered food seeking and higher locomotor activity. However, unlike carryover effects caused by the shrimp diet, larval corticosterone exposure did not affect juvenile corticosterone levels. Overall, our study shows that corticosterone-related mechanisms are likely involved in carryover effects induced by a novel diet, yet such diet-induced carryover effects are not driven by corticosterone alone.","PeriodicalId":13666,"journal":{"name":"Integrative Organismal Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Corticosterone Contributes to Diet-Induced Reprogramming of Post-Metamorphic Behavior in Spadefoot Toads\",\"authors\":\"A. M. Shephard, S. R. Lagon, S. Jacobsen, K. Millar, C. C. Ledon-Rettig\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/iob/obae012\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\n Stressful experiences in early life can have phenotypic effects that persist into, or manifest during, adulthood. In vertebrates, such carryover effects can be driven by stress-induced secretion of glucocorticoid hormones, such as corticosterone, which can lead to developmental reprogramming of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal axis activity and behavior. Nutritional stress in the form of early life nutrient restriction is well known to modify later life behaviors and stress activity through corticosterone-related mechanisms. However, it is not known whether corticosterone is also mechanistically involved in carryover effects induced by a different form of nutritional variation: the use of alternate or entirely novel types of dietary resources. The plains spadefoot (Spea bombifrons) presents an excellent system for testing this question, since larvae of this species have evolved to use two alternate diet types: an ancestral detritus-based diet and a more novel diet of live shrimp. While previous work has shown that feeding on the novel shrimp diet influences juvenile (i.e., post-metamorphic) behavior and corticosterone levels, it is unclear whether these diet-induced carryover effects are mediated by diet-induced corticosterone, itself. To test for the mechanistic role of corticosterone in diet-induced carryover effects, we experimentally treated S. bombifrons larvae with exogenous corticosterone and measured subsequent effects on juvenile behavior and corticosterone levels. We found that while shrimp-fed larvae had elevated corticosterone levels, treatment of larvae with corticosterone itself had effects on juvenile behavior that partially resembled those carryover effects induced by the shrimp diet, such as altered food seeking and higher locomotor activity. However, unlike carryover effects caused by the shrimp diet, larval corticosterone exposure did not affect juvenile corticosterone levels. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
生命早期的应激经历会对表型产生影响,这种影响会持续到成年期或在成年期表现出来。在脊椎动物中,压力诱导的糖皮质激素(如皮质酮)的分泌可导致下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺/肾上腺轴活动和行为的发育重编程,从而产生这种延续效应。众所周知,早期营养限制形式的营养压力会通过皮质酮相关机制改变日后的行为和压力活动。然而,皮质酮是否在机制上也参与了由不同形式的营养变化(使用替代或全新类型的食物资源)所诱导的延续效应,目前尚不清楚。平原锹形目(Spea bombifrons)为测试这一问题提供了一个极好的系统,因为该物种的幼虫在进化过程中使用了两种交替的食物类型:一种是祖先以碎屑为基础的食物,另一种是更新颖的活虾食物。虽然之前的研究表明,以新的虾为食会影响幼体(即变态后)的行为和皮质酮水平,但目前还不清楚这些饮食诱导的延续效应本身是否由饮食诱导的皮质酮介导。为了检验皮质酮在饮食诱导的携带效应中的机理作用,我们用外源性皮质酮实验处理 S. bombifrons 幼体,并测量其对幼体行为和皮质酮水平的后续影响。我们发现,虽然喂虾的幼体皮质酮水平升高,但用皮质酮处理幼体本身对幼体行为的影响与虾食诱导的携带效应部分相似,如改变寻食和提高运动活动。然而,与虾食引起的携带效应不同,幼体皮质酮暴露不会影响幼体的皮质酮水平。总之,我们的研究表明,与皮质酮相关的机制很可能参与了新食物诱导的携带效应,但这种食物诱导的携带效应并非仅由皮质酮驱动。
Corticosterone Contributes to Diet-Induced Reprogramming of Post-Metamorphic Behavior in Spadefoot Toads
Stressful experiences in early life can have phenotypic effects that persist into, or manifest during, adulthood. In vertebrates, such carryover effects can be driven by stress-induced secretion of glucocorticoid hormones, such as corticosterone, which can lead to developmental reprogramming of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal axis activity and behavior. Nutritional stress in the form of early life nutrient restriction is well known to modify later life behaviors and stress activity through corticosterone-related mechanisms. However, it is not known whether corticosterone is also mechanistically involved in carryover effects induced by a different form of nutritional variation: the use of alternate or entirely novel types of dietary resources. The plains spadefoot (Spea bombifrons) presents an excellent system for testing this question, since larvae of this species have evolved to use two alternate diet types: an ancestral detritus-based diet and a more novel diet of live shrimp. While previous work has shown that feeding on the novel shrimp diet influences juvenile (i.e., post-metamorphic) behavior and corticosterone levels, it is unclear whether these diet-induced carryover effects are mediated by diet-induced corticosterone, itself. To test for the mechanistic role of corticosterone in diet-induced carryover effects, we experimentally treated S. bombifrons larvae with exogenous corticosterone and measured subsequent effects on juvenile behavior and corticosterone levels. We found that while shrimp-fed larvae had elevated corticosterone levels, treatment of larvae with corticosterone itself had effects on juvenile behavior that partially resembled those carryover effects induced by the shrimp diet, such as altered food seeking and higher locomotor activity. However, unlike carryover effects caused by the shrimp diet, larval corticosterone exposure did not affect juvenile corticosterone levels. Overall, our study shows that corticosterone-related mechanisms are likely involved in carryover effects induced by a novel diet, yet such diet-induced carryover effects are not driven by corticosterone alone.