Rahul Karyappa , Deepshikha Arora , Tzee Luai Meng , Qiang Zhu , Joel Yang , Hongfei Liu
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The advent of digital manufacturing, in which additive manufacturing is combined with computer-aided design (CAD), can overcome some of the challenges in fabricating structures from colloidal particles. This article presents a review of recent strategies for digitally fabricating 1D (e.g., single line), 2D (e.g., arrays of dots and patterns with lines), and 3D (e.g., dots and balls) colloidal crystals and glasses, including inkjet printing, direct ink writing, electrohydrodynamic jet printing, two-photon lithography, and digital light processing. The requirements of colloidal ink formulations for different 3D printing methods are discussed. The effects of the wettability of the printed ink on the ordering of colloidal particles in the fabricated structures and the resulting structural colors are discussed. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
胶体组装可以通过调整胶体粒子的大小、组成和排序及其在宏观尺度上的形成来控制胶体阵列的结构颜色特性。受控组装和图案化为光伏、光学和片上实验室的技术发展提供了许多优势,其中粒子的有序性可影响系统的特性和功能。有序胶体阵列(胶体晶体)和无序胶体阵列(胶体玻璃)的图案化已有许多成熟技术。然而,这些技术都非常耗时,而且需要额外的步骤,如掩膜、蚀刻或冲压。数字制造技术的出现,将增材制造与计算机辅助设计(CAD)相结合,可以克服利用胶体颗粒制造结构所面临的一些挑战。本文综述了最近以数字方式制造一维(如单线)、二维(如点阵列和带线图案)和三维(如点和球)胶体晶体和眼镜的策略,包括喷墨打印、直接写墨、电流体动力喷射打印、双光子光刻和数字光处理。讨论了不同 3D 打印方法对胶体墨水配方的要求。还讨论了印刷油墨的润湿性对制造结构中胶体粒子的排序以及由此产生的结构颜色的影响。最后,对未来发展进行了总结和展望。
Digital fabrication of colors with colloidal crystals and colloidal glasses
The structural color properties of colloidal arrays can be controlled by colloidal assembly via tuning the size, composition, and ordering of colloidal particles and their formation at the macroscale. Controlled assembly and patterning offer many advantages for the technological development of photovoltaics, optics, and lab-on-a-chip, where the ordering of particles can influence the properties and functions of a system. Many techniques have been well established for patterning ordered colloidal arrays (colloidal crystals), and disordered colloidal arrays (colloidal glasses). However, they are time-consuming and require additional steps such as masking, etching, or stamping. The advent of digital manufacturing, in which additive manufacturing is combined with computer-aided design (CAD), can overcome some of the challenges in fabricating structures from colloidal particles. This article presents a review of recent strategies for digitally fabricating 1D (e.g., single line), 2D (e.g., arrays of dots and patterns with lines), and 3D (e.g., dots and balls) colloidal crystals and glasses, including inkjet printing, direct ink writing, electrohydrodynamic jet printing, two-photon lithography, and digital light processing. The requirements of colloidal ink formulations for different 3D printing methods are discussed. The effects of the wettability of the printed ink on the ordering of colloidal particles in the fabricated structures and the resulting structural colors are discussed. Finally, a summary and perspective on future development are presented.