老龄小鼠视网膜下丘脑束和丘脑上核之间的谷氨酸能神经传递增加

IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
J. Manuel Herrera-Zamora, Fernando Osuna-Lopez, Miriam E. Reyes-Méndez, Ramon E. Valadez-Lemus, Enrique A. Sánchez-Pastor, Ricardo A. Navarro-Polanco, Eloy G. Moreno-Galindo, Javier Alamilla
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引用次数: 0

摘要

昼夜节律是通过视网膜下丘脑束(RHT)与光同步的,视网膜下丘脑束是一束来自黑色素视网膜神经节细胞的轴突,其突触末端向腹侧视上核(SCN)释放谷氨酸。AMPA-kainate 和 NMDA 突触后受体的激活会引起细胞内钙的增加,从而触发信号级联,最终导致相移。在衰老过程中,昼夜节律与光的同步性会下降。在这项工作中,我们通过电生理学(全细胞贴片钳)和免疫组织化学检测,研究了年轻成年(P90-120)和年老(P540-650)C57BL/6J小鼠的RHT和腹侧SCN神经元之间的突触前后特性。递增刺激强度(施加在视丘上)在老年动物中引起的 AMPA-kainate突触后反应要小得多,这意味着 RHT 纤维的招募程度较低。相反,更高比例的老年 SCN 神经元表现出突触促进,方差均值分析表明 RHT 终末释放的概率增加。此外,高龄小鼠神经元的自发突触后事件和微型突触后事件都显示出更大的振幅,而对 NMDA 和 AMPA-kainate成分(由 RHT 电刺激诱发)的分析表明,研究的两个年龄段之间没有差异。免疫组化显示,高龄动物的 vGluT2、GluN2B 和 GluN2A 的点状区域更大,免疫阳性颗粒的数量增加,但 PSD-95 的数量减少。所有这些突触适应可能是谷氨酸能信号传导的补偿机制的一部分,以改善老年动物RHT末梢的损失。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Increased glutamatergic neurotransmission between the retinohypothalamic tract and the suprachiasmatic nucleus of old mice

Increased glutamatergic neurotransmission between the retinohypothalamic tract and the suprachiasmatic nucleus of old mice

Circadian rhythms synchronize to light through the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT), which is a bundle of axons coming from melanopsin retinal ganglion cells, whose synaptic terminals release glutamate to the ventral suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Activation of AMPA–kainate and NMDA postsynaptic receptors elicits the increase in intracellular calcium required for triggering the signaling cascade that ends in phase shifts. During aging, there is a decline in the synchronization of circadian rhythms to light. With electrophysiological (whole-cell patch-clamp) and immunohistochemical assays, in this work, we studied pre- and postsynaptic properties between the RHT and ventral SCN neurons in young adult (P90–120) and old (P540–650) C57BL/6J mice. Incremental stimulation intensities (applied on the optic chiasm) induced much lesser AMPA–kainate postsynaptic responses in old animals, implying a lower recruitment of RHT fibers. Conversely, a higher proportion of old SCN neurons exhibited synaptic facilitation, and variance–mean analysis indicated an increase in the probability of release in RHT terminals. Moreover, both spontaneous and miniature postsynaptic events displayed larger amplitudes in neurons from aged mice, whereas analysis of the NMDA and AMPA–kainate components (evoked by RHT electrical stimulation) disclosed no difference between the two ages studied. Immunohistochemistry revealed a bigger size in the puncta of vGluT2, GluN2B, and GluN2A of elderly animals, and the number of immunopositive particles was increased, but that of PSD-95 was reduced. All these synaptic adaptations could be part of compensatory mechanisms in the glutamatergic signaling to ameliorate the loss of RHT terminals in old animals.

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来源期刊
Journal of Neuroscience Research
Journal of Neuroscience Research 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
2.40%
发文量
145
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Neuroscience Research (JNR) publishes novel research results that will advance our understanding of the development, function and pathophysiology of the nervous system, using molecular, cellular, systems, and translational approaches. JNR covers both basic research and clinical aspects of neurology, neuropathology, psychiatry or psychology. The journal focuses on uncovering the intricacies of brain structure and function. Research published in JNR covers all species from invertebrates to humans, and the reports inform the readers about the function and organization of the nervous system, with emphasis on how disease modifies the function and organization.
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