高铁对劳动力和产业配置错配的影响:来自 2000-2019 年中国城市的证据

IF 2.9 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS
Jing Fang , Fanjie Fu , Xiaoqian Zhang , Shujie Yao , Jinghua Ou
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从空间结构上看,劳动力和产业分布(MLIS)的不匹配反映了中国发展的不平衡。产业通常聚集在大城市,严格的户籍制度造成了人口和劳动力进入的高门槛。以高铁(HSR)为代表的基础设施可以降低劳动力和技术流动的成本,从而改善二者向相反方向集聚的扭曲现象。本文利用 2000-2019 年中国 285 个城市的大型面板数据集,重点研究了高铁对劳动力密集型城市的影响。本文引入差分法进行实证分析。本文发现,高铁能显著缓解地级市的 MLIS,但不能缓解地级以上城市的 MLIS。本文还讨论了高铁对不同行业和 MLIS 类型的异质性影响。进一步的机制检验表明,高铁对 MLIS 的缓解作用来自就业效应和创新效应。最后,从协同劳动力和产业分布的角度,提出了高铁投资改善中国非均衡发展的政策建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of high-speed rail on the mismatch of labor and industry allocations: Evidence from Chinese cities in 2000-2019

The uneven development of China can be reflected by the mismatch of labor and industry distributions (MLIS) in terms of spatial structure. Industries usually agglomerate in large cities where a strict household registration system causing high barriers with respect to population and labor entry. Infrastructures that reduce the cost of labor and technology mobility, as represented by high-speed rail (HSR), are possible improvement to regulate such distortions as the two agglomerated into opposite directions. This paper focuses on the impact of HSR on MLIS using a large panel dataset comprising 285 Chinese cities in 2000–2019. A difference-in-difference analysis is introduced to carried out empirical analyses. This paper finds that HSR can significantly mitigate the MLIS in prefecture level cities, but not in cities above prefecture level. The heterogeneous effects of HSR are then discussed with respect to industries and MLIS types. Further mechanism tests show that HSR’s mitigating effect on MLIS comes from the employment effect and the innovation effect. Finally, policy recommendations are provided on HSR investment to improve China's uneven development from the perspective of synergy labor and industry distributions.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
9.40%
发文量
90
期刊介绍: The Journal of Asian Economics provides a forum for publication of increasingly growing research in Asian economic studies and a unique forum for continental Asian economic studies with focus on (i) special studies in adaptive innovation paradigms in Asian economic regimes, (ii) studies relative to unique dimensions of Asian economic development paradigm, as they are investigated by researchers, (iii) comparative studies of development paradigms in other developing continents, Latin America and Africa, (iv) the emerging new pattern of comparative advantages between Asian countries and the United States and North America.
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