基于微生物的疗法在慢性呼吸系统疾病中的应用

IF 3.3 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
Se Hee Lee, Jang Ho Lee, Sei Won Lee
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引用次数: 0

摘要

最近,基于微生物组的疗法在人类疾病各个领域的应用越来越多。在慢性呼吸系统疾病中,由于目前治疗方法的局限性,基于微生物组的临床应用被认为是引人注目的选择。肺部微生物组在生态学上是动态的,受到各种条件的影响,菌群失调与疾病的严重程度、恶化、表型以及慢性呼吸系统疾病的终末型有关。然而,直接调节肺部微生物群并非易事。此外,研究表明,通过调节肠道微生物组和服用代谢物可以改善慢性呼吸系统疾病。虽然肠道和肺部微生物组的组成、多样性和丰度有很大不同,但调节肠道微生物组可以改善肺部菌群失调。肠道微生物组通过细菌衍生成分和代谢降解产物(包括短链脂肪酸)影响肺部微生物组。这种现象可能与肠道微生物组和肺之间的交叉对话有关,即所谓的肠肺轴。有多种方法可以调节肠道微生物组,如摄入益生菌、益生菌、后益生菌和移植粪便。一些研究表明,高纤维饮食可通过产生短链脂肪酸而产生有益影响。此外,转基因益生菌分泌一些有益分子,也可用于治疗慢性呼吸道疾病。对微生物调节免疫和增强传统药物疗法的进一步研究将提高微生物组调节技术,这将成为慢性呼吸系统疾病的一个新的治疗领域。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Application of Microbiome-Based Therapies in Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Application of Microbiome-Based Therapies in Chronic Respiratory Diseases

The application of microbiome-based therapies in various areas of human disease has recently increased. In chronic respiratory disease, microbiome-based clinical applications are considered compelling options due to the limitations of current treatments. The lung microbiome is ecologically dynamic and affected by various conditions, and dysbiosis is associated with disease severity, exacerbation, and phenotype as well as with chronic respiratory disease endotype. However, it is not easy to directly modulate the lung microbiome. Additionally, studies have shown that chronic respiratory diseases can be improved by modulating gut microbiome and administrating metabolites. Although the composition, diversity, and abundance of the microbiome between the gut and lung are considerably different, modulation of the gut microbiome could improve lung dysbiosis. The gut microbiome influences that of the lung via bacterial-derived components and metabolic degradation products, including short-chain fatty acids. This phenomenon might be associated with the cross-talk between the gut microbiome and lung, called gut-lung axis. There are multiple alternatives to modulate the gut microbiome, such as prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics ingestion and fecal material transplantation. Several studies have shown that high-fiber diets, for example, present beneficial effects through the production of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, genetically modified probiotics to secrete some beneficial molecules might also be utilized to treat chronic respiratory diseases. Further studies on microbial modulation to regulate immunity and potentiate conventional pharmacotherapy will improve microbiome modulation techniques, which will develop as a new therapeutic area in chronic respiratory diseases.

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来源期刊
Journal of Microbiology
Journal of Microbiology 生物-微生物学
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
3.30%
发文量
0
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Publishes papers that deal with research on microorganisms, including archaea, bacteria, yeasts, fungi, microalgae, protozoa, and simple eukaryotic microorganisms. Topics considered for publication include Microbial Systematics, Evolutionary Microbiology, Microbial Ecology, Environmental Microbiology, Microbial Genetics, Genomics, Molecular Biology, Microbial Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbial Pathogenesis, Host-Microbe Interaction, Systems Microbiology, Synthetic Microbiology, Bioinformatics and Virology. Manuscripts dealing with simple identification of microorganism(s), cloning of a known gene and its expression in a microbial host, and clinical statistics will not be considered for publication by JM.
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