绘制人才发展路径图：巴西和西班牙 U-18 青少年精英男子足球运动员发展活动和训练结构的比较研究

IF 1.5 4区教育学 Q3 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI:10.1177/17479541241241487

Guilherme Machado, Sixto González-Víllora, Juan Carlos Pastor-Vicedo, Israel Teoldo

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究的目的有三：（1）比较巴西和西班牙精英青少年足球运动员在童年和青少年时期参与各种类型和数量的足球活动的情况；（2）检验巴西和西班牙精英足球青少年发展的人才培养途径；（3）比较巴西和西班牙精英青少年足球的练习结构。参与者为巴西（68 人）和西班牙（63 人）参加国家联赛的 131 名 U-18 精英男子足球运动员。采用 "参与者历史问卷 "来测量球员的足球活动。对两个年龄段的发展活动进行了分析：童年（6-12 岁/o）和青春期早期（13-15 岁/o）。与巴西球员相比，西班牙球员更早开始参与足球训练和比赛（p < .05）。巴西球员更多参与有组织的活动，如足球和五人制足球训练，在童年和青少年早期参与的运动项目也更多 ( p < .05)。我们发现，西班牙和巴西的练习结构（个人、双人、练习、小组战术和集体战术活动）非常相似，但巴西球员的练习量更大。结论是，西班牙和巴西 U-18 青少年精英男子足球运动员在童年和青春期早期的足球运动里程碑和参与练习活动的情况有所不同。西班牙男子足球运动员的天赋发展途径以早期参与途径为特征，而巴西系统则以专门抽样模式为特征。

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Mapping talent pathways: A comparative study of developmental activities and practice structure in Brazilian and Spanish U-18 elite youth male soccer players

The purpose of this study was threefold: (1) to compare the engagement in various types and amounts of soccer activities during childhood and adolescence between Brazilian and Spanish elite youth soccer players; (2) to test what talent development pathway characterizes youth development in elite soccer in Brazil and Spain and (3) to compare the practice structure between elite youth soccer in Brazil and Spain. Participants were 131 U-18 elite male soccer players from Brazil ( n = 68) and Spain ( n = 63) competing in the national league. The Participant History Questionnaire was used to measure the soccer activities undertaken by players. Developmental activities were analyzed for two age periods: childhood (6–12 y/o) and early adolescence (13–15 y/o). In Spain, players started their involvement in practice and competition in soccer earlier compared to Brazilian players ( p < .05). Brazilian players were more involved in structured activities, such as practice in soccer and futsal, and participated in a greater number of sports in childhood and early adolescence ( p < .05). We found a very similar percentual practice structure (individual, pair, drills, group tactics and collective tactics activities) between Spain and Brazil, although Brazilian players accumulated a greater practice volume. It is concluded that Spanish and Brazilian U-18 elite youth male soccer players were differentiated by their milestones in soccer and their engagement in practice activities during childhood and early adolescence. Talent development pathway of male soccer players in Spain was characterized by the early engagement pathway, while the Brazilian system was characterized by the specialized sampling model.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching Multiple-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

15.80%

发文量

208

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching is a peer-reviewed, international, academic/professional journal, which aims to bridge the gap between coaching and sports science. The journal will integrate theory and practice in sports science, promote critical reflection of coaching practice, and evaluate commonly accepted beliefs about coaching effectiveness and performance enhancement. Open learning systems will be promoted in which: (a) sports science is made accessible to coaches, translating knowledge into working practice; and (b) the challenges faced by coaches are communicated to sports scientists. The vision of the journal is to support the development of a community in which: (i) sports scientists and coaches respect and learn from each other as they assist athletes to acquire skills by training safely and effectively, thereby enhancing their performance, maximizing their enjoyment of the sporting experience and facilitating character development; and (ii) scientific research is embraced in the quest to uncover, understand and develop the processes involved in sports coaching and elite performance.