线虫草履虫神经胶质细胞的发育和功能

IF 6.9 2区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY
Aakanksha Singhvi, Shai Shaham, Georgia Rapti
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引用次数: 0

摘要

线虫是揭示神经系统组织和功能基本原理的强大实验环境。它的解剖结构近乎不变且简单,再加上大量在体内以单细胞分辨率检测单基因功能的方法,使得神经胶质细胞生物学和神经胶质细胞-神经元相互作用机制有了令人兴奋的发现。过去二十年的研究结果强化了这样一种观点,即从 elegans 中获得的见解可以帮助我们理解其他物种的神经胶质细胞工作原理。在此,我们总结了当前的最新研究成果,并描述了在理解优雅小鼠神经胶质细胞的共同努力中获得的机理启示。近年来,神经胶质细胞的发现速度明显加快,为我们描绘了一幅神经胶质细胞具有惊人的分子复杂性、精致的特异性和功能异质性的画卷。神经胶质细胞几乎影响着神经系统发育和功能的方方面面,从产生神经元、促进神经元形成、动物行为到整个动物的特征,包括寿命。我们将讨论一些新出现的问题,在这些问题上,蛇尾藻有望填补我们对神经胶质生物学认识的关键知识空白。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Glia Development and Function in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful experimental setting for uncovering fundamental tenets of nervous system organization and function. Its nearly invariant and simple anatomy, coupled with a plethora of methodologies for interrogating single-gene functions at single-cell resolution in vivo, have led to exciting discoveries in glial cell biology and mechanisms of glia–neuron interactions. Findings over the last two decades reinforce the idea that insights from C. elegans can inform our understanding of glial operating principles in other species. Here, we summarize the current state-of-the-art, and describe mechanistic insights that have emerged from a concerted effort to understand C. elegans glia. The remarkable acceleration in the pace of discovery in recent years paints a portrait of striking molecular complexity, exquisite specificity, and functional heterogeneity among glia. Glial cells affect nearly every aspect of nervous system development and function, from generating neurons, to promoting neurite formation, to animal behavior, and to whole-animal traits, including longevity. We discuss emerging questions where C. elegans is poised to fill critical knowledge gaps in our understanding of glia biology.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
15.00
自引率
1.40%
发文量
56
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology offers a comprehensive platform in the molecular life sciences, featuring reviews that span molecular, cell, and developmental biology, genetics, neuroscience, immunology, cancer biology, and molecular pathology. This online publication provides in-depth insights into various topics, making it a valuable resource for those engaged in diverse aspects of biological research.
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