矿物形成解释了住宅区雨水池塘中溶解性活性磷的高滞留效率

IF 3.5 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Mahyar Shafii, Stephanie Slowinski, Md Abdus Sabur, Alina Arvisais, Yubraj Bhusal, William Withers, Konrad J. Krogstad, Chris T. Parsons and Philippe Van Cappellen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

暴雨池塘(SWPs)会改变城市景观中大量营养素磷(P)的输出,从而影响下游水生环境的营养状态和水质。尽管有越来越多的研究报告称污水处理厂减少了磷负荷,但造成磷滞留的机制仍不清楚。我们分析了多伦多大都会地区一个污水处理厂流入和流出水体中的钾化学成分和通量。此外,我们还收集了沉积物岩心,以确定 P 以何种形式在污水处理厂中累积。由此得出的西南部水厂 P 质量平衡结果表明,总 P(TP)的年平均滞留率为 62%。然而,各种 TP 部分的保留效率差异很大:颗粒 P (PP)为 53%,总溶解 P (TDP)为 67%,溶解非活性 P (DUP) 为 66%,溶解活性 P (DRP) 为 80%,其中 DRP 代表生物利用率最高的 TP 部分。对沉积物岩心进行的连续化学萃取表明,随着沉积物深度的增加,矿物结合态磷的浓度增加,而有机态磷的浓度降低。因此,我们将 DRP 的有效保留归因于含 P 有机化合物的生物合成,以及沉积后的降解和无机相(主要是钙(Ca)矿物)的原位沉淀对释放的磷酸盐离子的封存。西南太平洋的条件有利于羟基磷灰石和方解石等常见钙矿物的形成,包括接近中性到中等碱性的 pH 值和高溶解 Ca2+ 浓度。在城市径流不符合这些条件的地区,采取干预措施,促进西南流体中含钾矿物的形成,可能有助于减少 DRP 的输出,从而保护受纳水体免受富营养化的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Mineral formation explains the high retention efficiency of dissolved reactive phosphorus in a residential stormwater pond†

Mineral formation explains the high retention efficiency of dissolved reactive phosphorus in a residential stormwater pond†

Stormwater ponds (SWPs) alter the export of the macronutrient phosphorus (P) from urban landscapes, hence impacting the trophic state and water quality of downstream aquatic environments. Despite an increasing number of studies reporting P load reduction by SWPs, the mechanisms responsible for P retention remain unclear. We analyzed P chemical speciation and fluxes in the inflow and outflow of a SWP in the Toronto metropolitan area. In addition, we collected sediment cores to determine under what forms P accumulates in the SWP. The resulting P mass balance for the SWP yielded an average annual retention of 62% for total P (TP). Retention efficiencies varied significantly among the various TP fractions, however: 53% for particulate P (PP), 67% for total dissolved P (TDP), 66% for dissolved unreactive P (DUP), and >80% for dissolved reactive P (DRP), with DRP representing the most bioavailable TP fraction. Sequential chemical extractions performed on the sediment cores indicate that, with increasing sediment depth, the concentration of mineral-bound P increases while that of organic P decreases. We therefore attribute the efficient retention of DRP to biosynthesis of P-containing organic compounds followed by their post-depositional degradation and sequestration of the released phosphate ions by in situ precipitation of inorganic phases, primarily calcium (Ca) minerals. The conditions in the SWP are favorable to the formation of common Ca minerals, such as hydroxyapatite and calcite, including near-neutral to moderately alkaline pH values and high dissolved Ca2+ concentrations. In areas where urban runoff does not meet these conditions, interventions that stimulate P-containing mineral formation in SWPs may help reduce the export of DRP, hence, protecting receiving water bodies from eutrophication.

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