评估学校疏散运动的特点:儿童和青少年通过楼梯和出口通道的速度和流量

IF 2 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Javad Hashempour, Babak Bahrani, Bryan Hoskins, Sohaib Abujayyab
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引用次数: 0

摘要

现有的疏散运动理论主要建立在从成人收集的数据基础上,因此可能不适合儿童, 尤其是学校中的儿童。因此,有必要开展进一步的研究,收集有关儿童在疏散过程中如何移动的数据,以了解他们与成人相比的独特特征和差异。在这种情况下,本文旨在探讨学龄儿童和青少年在疏散过程中通过楼梯和出口门道时的移动情况。疏散演习涉及 295 名学龄儿童和青少年,他们的行为受到一系列摄像头的密切监控。在演习过程中,对他们在楼梯上和通过门口时的移动模式(包括流量和速度)进行了分析。观察结果表明,儿童表现出频繁的互动和相互接触,这与成年人不同,成年人倾向于保持个人空间。研究结果表明,青少年通过楼梯的平均速度与之前的研究结果相当,但与其他组别相比,女性青少年的平均速度较低。研究发现,参与者通过门口的速度和流量因年龄而异,与基于成人数据的估计有所不同。这项研究强调,现有的疏散模型没有充分考虑到儿童的动态变化,这表明有必要开展进一步研究,以提高疏散模型的通用性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessing school evacuation movement characteristics: Children and adolescents speed and flow over stairs and through exit doorways

The available theories of evacuation movements are primarily founded on data gathered from adults, making them potentially unsuitable for children, especially in schools. Consequently, it is necessary to undertake further research to collect data on how children move during evacuations to understand their unique characteristics and disparities compared to adults. In this context, this paper aimed to explore the movement of school children and adolescents as they moved over stairs and through exit doorways during evacuations. The evacuation drill involved 295 school children and adolescents, whose behavior was closely monitored using a series of cameras. During the drill, their movement patterns, including flow and speed, were analyzed over stairs and through doorways. The observations revealed that children exhibited frequent interactions and contact with one another, unlike adults, who tend to maintain personal space. The findings of this study indicated that the average traveling speed over stairs was comparable to previous research, although female adolescents had a lower average speed compared to other groups. The speed and flow of participants passing through doorways were found to vary depending on their age and differed from estimates based on adult data. This study highlights that existing evacuation models fall short of adequately accounting for the dynamics of children, indicating the need for further research to improve the generalizability of evacuation models.

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来源期刊
Fire and Materials
Fire and Materials 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
5.30%
发文量
72
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Fire and Materials is an international journal for scientific and technological communications directed at the fire properties of materials and the products into which they are made. This covers all aspects of the polymer field and the end uses where polymers find application; the important developments in the fields of natural products - wood and cellulosics; non-polymeric materials - metals and ceramics; as well as the chemistry and industrial applications of fire retardant chemicals. Contributions will be particularly welcomed on heat release; properties of combustion products - smoke opacity, toxicity and corrosivity; modelling and testing.
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