{"title":"格斯坦-格里纳-泽尔多维奇效应:诱导电荷密度和真空能量","authors":"P. A. Grashin, K. A. Sveshnikov","doi":"10.1134/s1547477124020067","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The Gerstein–Greiner–Zeldovich effect—the spontaneous emission of vacuum positrons under conditions of Coulomb supercriticality—has been studied in detail based on the first principles of quantum electrodynamics within the framework of an essentially nonperturbative approach based on a special combination of analytical methods, computer algebra, and numerical calculations. Particular attention is paid to the vacuum energy <span>\\({\\kern 1pt} {{\\mathcal{E}}_{{{\\text{VP}}}}}\\)</span>, considered a function of the parameters of the external Coulomb source: charge <span>\\(Z\\)</span> and radius <span>\\(R\\)</span>. The specific contribution to <span>\\({\\kern 1pt} {{\\mathcal{E}}_{{{\\text{VP}}}}}\\)</span> arising due to the direct Coulomb interaction of the vacuum charge densities <span>\\({{\\varrho }_{{{\\text{VP}}}}}(\\vec {r})\\)</span> has been studied in detail. It is shown that, with correct renormalization, this contribution becomes negative after the first discrete levels descend into the lower continuum. Therefore, it is a purely quantum effect, not observed in classical electrodynamics. The problem of lepton number conservation during spontaneous emission is also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":730,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Gerstein–Greiner–Zeldovich Effect: Induced Charge Density and Vacuum Energy\",\"authors\":\"P. A. Grashin, K. A. Sveshnikov\",\"doi\":\"10.1134/s1547477124020067\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Abstract</h3><p>The Gerstein–Greiner–Zeldovich effect—the spontaneous emission of vacuum positrons under conditions of Coulomb supercriticality—has been studied in detail based on the first principles of quantum electrodynamics within the framework of an essentially nonperturbative approach based on a special combination of analytical methods, computer algebra, and numerical calculations. Particular attention is paid to the vacuum energy <span>\\\\({\\\\kern 1pt} {{\\\\mathcal{E}}_{{{\\\\text{VP}}}}}\\\\)</span>, considered a function of the parameters of the external Coulomb source: charge <span>\\\\(Z\\\\)</span> and radius <span>\\\\(R\\\\)</span>. The specific contribution to <span>\\\\({\\\\kern 1pt} {{\\\\mathcal{E}}_{{{\\\\text{VP}}}}}\\\\)</span> arising due to the direct Coulomb interaction of the vacuum charge densities <span>\\\\({{\\\\varrho }_{{{\\\\text{VP}}}}}(\\\\vec {r})\\\\)</span> has been studied in detail. It is shown that, with correct renormalization, this contribution becomes negative after the first discrete levels descend into the lower continuum. Therefore, it is a purely quantum effect, not observed in classical electrodynamics. The problem of lepton number conservation during spontaneous emission is also discussed.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":730,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1547477124020067\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1547477124020067","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Gerstein–Greiner–Zeldovich Effect: Induced Charge Density and Vacuum Energy
Abstract
The Gerstein–Greiner–Zeldovich effect—the spontaneous emission of vacuum positrons under conditions of Coulomb supercriticality—has been studied in detail based on the first principles of quantum electrodynamics within the framework of an essentially nonperturbative approach based on a special combination of analytical methods, computer algebra, and numerical calculations. Particular attention is paid to the vacuum energy \({\kern 1pt} {{\mathcal{E}}_{{{\text{VP}}}}}\), considered a function of the parameters of the external Coulomb source: charge \(Z\) and radius \(R\). The specific contribution to \({\kern 1pt} {{\mathcal{E}}_{{{\text{VP}}}}}\) arising due to the direct Coulomb interaction of the vacuum charge densities \({{\varrho }_{{{\text{VP}}}}}(\vec {r})\) has been studied in detail. It is shown that, with correct renormalization, this contribution becomes negative after the first discrete levels descend into the lower continuum. Therefore, it is a purely quantum effect, not observed in classical electrodynamics. The problem of lepton number conservation during spontaneous emission is also discussed.
期刊介绍:
The journal Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, brief name Particles and Nuclei Letters, publishes the articles with results of the original theoretical, experimental, scientific-technical, methodological and applied research. Subject matter of articles covers: theoretical physics, elementary particle physics, relativistic nuclear physics, nuclear physics and related problems in other branches of physics, neutron physics, condensed matter physics, physics and engineering at low temperatures, physics and engineering of accelerators, physical experimental instruments and methods, physical computation experiments, applied research in these branches of physics and radiology, ecology and nuclear medicine.