{"title":"列几何学的几何超平面 $$A_{n,\\{1,n\\}}(\\mathbb {F})$$","authors":"Antonio Pasini","doi":"10.1007/s11587-024-00859-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper we investigate hyperplanes of the point-line geometry <span>\\(A_{n,\\{1,n\\}}(\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> of point-hyerplane flags of the projective geometry <span>\\(\\textrm{PG}(n,\\mathbb {F})\\)</span>. Renouncing a complete classification, which is not yet within our reach, we describe the hyperplanes which arise from the natural embedding of <span>\\(A_{n,\\{1,n\\}}(\\mathbb {F})\\)</span>, that is the embedding which yields the adjoint representation of <span>\\(\\textrm{SL}(n+1,\\mathbb {F})\\)</span>. By exploiting properties of a particular sub-class of these hyerplanes, namely the <i>singular hyperplanes</i>, we shall prove that all hyperplanes of <span>\\(A_{n,\\{1,n\\}}(\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> are maximal subspaces of <span>\\(A_{n,\\{1,n\\}}(\\mathbb {F})\\)</span>. Hyperplanes of <span>\\(A_{n,\\{1,n\\}}(\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> can also be contructed starting from suitable line-spreads of <span>\\(\\textrm{PG}(n,\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> (provided that <span>\\(\\textrm{PG}(n,\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> admits line-spreads, of course). Explicitly, let <span>\\(\\mathfrak {S}\\)</span> be a composition line-spread of <span>\\(\\textrm{PG}(n,\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> such that every hyperplane of <span>\\(\\textrm{PG}(n,\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> contains a sub-hyperplane of <span>\\(\\textrm{PG}(n,\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> spanned by lines of <span>\\(\\mathfrak {S}\\)</span>. Then the set of points (<i>p</i>, <i>H</i>) of <span>\\(A_{n,\\{1,n\\}}(\\mathbb {F})\\)</span> such that <i>H</i> contains the member of <span>\\(\\mathfrak {S}\\)</span> through <i>p</i> is a hyperplane of <span>\\(A_{n,\\{1,n\\}}(\\mathbb {F})\\)</span>. We call these hyperplanes <i>hyperplanes of spread type</i>. Many but not all of them arise from the natural embedding.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Geometric hyperplanes of the Lie geometry $$A_{n,\\\\{1,n\\\\}}(\\\\mathbb {F})$$\",\"authors\":\"Antonio Pasini\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11587-024-00859-4\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>In this paper we investigate hyperplanes of the point-line geometry <span>\\\\(A_{n,\\\\{1,n\\\\}}(\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> of point-hyerplane flags of the projective geometry <span>\\\\(\\\\textrm{PG}(n,\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span>. Renouncing a complete classification, which is not yet within our reach, we describe the hyperplanes which arise from the natural embedding of <span>\\\\(A_{n,\\\\{1,n\\\\}}(\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span>, that is the embedding which yields the adjoint representation of <span>\\\\(\\\\textrm{SL}(n+1,\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span>. By exploiting properties of a particular sub-class of these hyerplanes, namely the <i>singular hyperplanes</i>, we shall prove that all hyperplanes of <span>\\\\(A_{n,\\\\{1,n\\\\}}(\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> are maximal subspaces of <span>\\\\(A_{n,\\\\{1,n\\\\}}(\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span>. Hyperplanes of <span>\\\\(A_{n,\\\\{1,n\\\\}}(\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> can also be contructed starting from suitable line-spreads of <span>\\\\(\\\\textrm{PG}(n,\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> (provided that <span>\\\\(\\\\textrm{PG}(n,\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> admits line-spreads, of course). Explicitly, let <span>\\\\(\\\\mathfrak {S}\\\\)</span> be a composition line-spread of <span>\\\\(\\\\textrm{PG}(n,\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> such that every hyperplane of <span>\\\\(\\\\textrm{PG}(n,\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> contains a sub-hyperplane of <span>\\\\(\\\\textrm{PG}(n,\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> spanned by lines of <span>\\\\(\\\\mathfrak {S}\\\\)</span>. Then the set of points (<i>p</i>, <i>H</i>) of <span>\\\\(A_{n,\\\\{1,n\\\\}}(\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span> such that <i>H</i> contains the member of <span>\\\\(\\\\mathfrak {S}\\\\)</span> through <i>p</i> is a hyperplane of <span>\\\\(A_{n,\\\\{1,n\\\\}}(\\\\mathbb {F})\\\\)</span>. We call these hyperplanes <i>hyperplanes of spread type</i>. Many but not all of them arise from the natural embedding.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":1,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Accounts of Chemical Research\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":16.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Accounts of Chemical Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11587-024-00859-4\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11587-024-00859-4","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Geometric hyperplanes of the Lie geometry $$A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb {F})$$
In this paper we investigate hyperplanes of the point-line geometry \(A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb {F})\) of point-hyerplane flags of the projective geometry \(\textrm{PG}(n,\mathbb {F})\). Renouncing a complete classification, which is not yet within our reach, we describe the hyperplanes which arise from the natural embedding of \(A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb {F})\), that is the embedding which yields the adjoint representation of \(\textrm{SL}(n+1,\mathbb {F})\). By exploiting properties of a particular sub-class of these hyerplanes, namely the singular hyperplanes, we shall prove that all hyperplanes of \(A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb {F})\) are maximal subspaces of \(A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb {F})\). Hyperplanes of \(A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb {F})\) can also be contructed starting from suitable line-spreads of \(\textrm{PG}(n,\mathbb {F})\) (provided that \(\textrm{PG}(n,\mathbb {F})\) admits line-spreads, of course). Explicitly, let \(\mathfrak {S}\) be a composition line-spread of \(\textrm{PG}(n,\mathbb {F})\) such that every hyperplane of \(\textrm{PG}(n,\mathbb {F})\) contains a sub-hyperplane of \(\textrm{PG}(n,\mathbb {F})\) spanned by lines of \(\mathfrak {S}\). Then the set of points (p, H) of \(A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb {F})\) such that H contains the member of \(\mathfrak {S}\) through p is a hyperplane of \(A_{n,\{1,n\}}(\mathbb {F})\). We call these hyperplanes hyperplanes of spread type. Many but not all of them arise from the natural embedding.
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