Jan Clavel, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Jonathan Lenoir, Sylvia Haider, Keith McDougall, Martin A. Nuñez, Jake Alexander, Agustina Barros, Ann Milbau, Tim Seipel, Anibal Pauchard, Eduardo Fuentes-Lillo, Amanda Ratier Backes, Pervaiz Dar, Zafar A. Reshi, Alla Aleksanyan, Shengwei Zong, José Ramón Arevalo Sierra, Valeria Aschero, Erik Verbruggen, Ivan Nijs
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引用次数: 0
摘要
我们在全球范围内评估了道路干扰对生态系统中主要菌根类型的影响,以及这种机制如何可能导致持久的植物群落变化。我们使用了全球 11 个山区 894 个地块的山区道路沿线植物群落协调调查数据库,并结合现有的菌根植物关联数据库,以估算自然环境和干扰环境中菌根类型的相对丰度。我们的研究结果表明,路边干扰会促进与丛枝菌根(AM)真菌相关的植物的覆盖。在寒冷的山区环境和植物群落以外生菌根(EcM)或麦角菌根(ErM)结合为主的山区,这种效应尤为明显。此外,非本地植物物种(我们证实它们大多是 AM 植物)在以 AM 结合为主的环境中更容易成功。这些生物地理模式表明,菌根类型的变化可能是人为干扰对全球山区生态系统影响的一个关键因素。事实上,路边培育了以AM为主的系统,在这种系统中,AM真菌可能会帮助与AM相关的植物物种,同时有可能降低生物对入侵非本地物种的抵抗力,而这通常也与AM网络有关。山区生态系统的恢复工作必须应对路边干扰引起的生态管理和环境管理植物群落基本构成的变化。
Roadside disturbance promotes plant communities with arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in mountain regions worldwide
We assessed the impact of road disturbances on the dominant mycorrhizal types in ecosystems at the global level and how this mechanism can potentially lead to lasting plant community changes. We used a database of coordinated plant community surveys following mountain roads from 894 plots in 11 mountain regions across the globe in combination with an existing database of mycorrhizal–plant associations in order to approximate the relative abundance of mycorrhizal types in natural and disturbed environments. Our findings show that roadside disturbance promotes the cover of plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. This effect is especially strong in colder mountain environments and in mountain regions where plant communities are dominated by ectomycorrhizal (EcM) or ericoid-mycorrhizal (ErM) associations. Furthermore, non-native plant species, which we confirmed to be mostly AM plants, are more successful in environments dominated by AM associations. These biogeographical patterns suggest that changes in mycorrhizal types could be a crucial factor in the worldwide impact of anthropogenic disturbances on mountain ecosystems. Indeed, roadsides foster AM-dominated systems, where AM-fungi might aid AM-associated plant species while potentially reducing the biotic resistance against invasive non-native species, often also associated with AM networks. Restoration efforts in mountain ecosystems will have to contend with changes in the fundamental make-up of EcM- and ErM plant communities induced by roadside disturbance.
期刊介绍:
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