一个奴隶能侍奉两个主人吗？文献笺本和对观福音书中共同拥有的奴隶

IF 0.5 2区哲学 0 RELIGION

New Testament Studies Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1017/s0028688523000322

Afetame Alabi

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文根据文献纸莎草纸中有关共同拥有奴隶的证据，研究了对观福音中有关侍奉两个主人的谚语（马太福音 6.24；路加福音 16.13）。这句话的意思是，两个主人的奴隶必然会更忠于或只忠于一个主人。学者们通常认为这是对共同拥有的奴隶的准确描述。然而，纸莎草文献的证据表明，在日常生活中，共同拥有的奴隶与主人之间的关系各不相同，奴隶几乎无法控制自己对每个主人的忠诚。因此，这句话并非完全真实地描绘了古代共同拥有的奴隶是如何侍奉主人的，而可能是一种奴隶的刻板印象，它促成了《福音书》中（不）忠实的奴隶形象。

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Can a Slave Serve Two Masters? Jointly Owned Slaves in Documentary Papyri and the Synoptic Gospels

This article examines the synoptic saying on serving two masters (Matt 6.24; Luke 16.13) in light of the evidence for jointly owned slaves in documentary papyri. The saying implies that the slave of two masters will inevitably be more loyal or exclusively loyal to one master. Scholars usually accept this as an accurate depiction of jointly owned slaves. However, the papyrological evidence shows that the relationship between jointly owned slaves and their owners varied in everyday life and that slaves had little control over their loyalty to each master. The saying is, therefore, not a fully realistic portrait of how jointly owned slaves served their masters in antiquity but is possibly a slave stereotype that contributes to the (un)faithful slave imageries in the Gospels.

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来源期刊

New Testament Studies RELIGION-

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： New Testament Studies is an international peer-reviewed periodical whose contributors include the leading New Testament scholars writing in the world today. The journal publishes original articles and short studies in English, French and German on a wide range of issues pertaining to the origins, history, context and theology of the New Testament and early Christianity. All contributions represent research at the cutting edge of the discipline, which has developed a wide range of methods. The journal welcomes submissions employing any such methods in recent years. The periodical embraces exegetical, historical, literary-critical, sociological, theological and other approaches to the New Testament, including studies in its history of interpretation and effects.