Rational Integration of Nanozyme Probe and Smartphone Device for On-Site Analysis

On-site detection featuring miniaturized, integrated analytical device and rapid data feedback has encouraged a great deal of attention, especially in the current context of pandemic diseases occurring with high frequency worldwide. This convenient detection device constitutes a stable recognition element and a portable signal treatment and readout module. In this regard, the enzyme-mimic nanomaterials (nanozymes) with the merits of structural stability, cost efficiency, scale-up synthesis and high recyclability well meet the requirements for recognition unit set-up. While the all-pervading smartphone, which enables the data collection through photography or wireless transmission, holds numerous opportunities in the design of hand-held analytical device. In this review, we summarize the advances of nanozyme-smartphone integrated platforms, with special emphasis of the signal transduction principles involving colorimetric, chemiluminescence, and electrochemical signals. The diversified on-site applications in terms of biological, environment and food analysis are showcased. Finally, the current challenges as well as the future perspectives on nanozyme design, sensing diversity and smartphone analysis are discussed.