Xantho-granulomatous Orchitis: A Rare Cause of Scrotal Swellings

We aim to present an adult case of a rare cause of scrotal swelling i.e., xantho-granulomatous orchitis (XGO). The patient presented to us with a history of swelling and pain in the left scrotum for one month. There were no other associating symptoms and sexual and traumatic history were not present. Incision and drainage were planned for the patient under our care, however, because of ruptured tunica albuginea and dispersion of seminiferous tubules, left orchiectomy was performed and the specimen was sent for histopathological analysis. Xantho-granulomatous inflammation (XGI) is a relatively benign and infrequent condition and usually affects the 3rd-7th decade of life. The lipid-laden macrophages replace the destructed and necrotic normal tissue. The findings that are the hallmark of granulomatous diseases are necrosis and multinucleated giant cells which are not present in cases of XGI. It affects the testis, epididymis, spermatic cord, and bladder among genital organs.