芬兰和瑞典的酸性硫酸盐土壤和土壤材料分类:重新引入对位酸性硫酸盐土壤

IF 1.3 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOLOGY
A. Boman, Stefan Mattbäck, Marina Becher, M. Yli-Halla, Gustav Sohlenius, J. Auri, Christian Öhrling, Pauliina Liwata-Kenttälä, Peter Edén
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引用次数: 1

摘要

既有的国际土壤分类系统并不能很好地适应芬兰和瑞典的酸性硫酸盐土壤(ASS)和土壤材料,这是因为:(1)在这些土壤中,一些诊断性 ASS 属性的深度太深,无法满足深度要求;(2)对于酸性和潜在酸性土壤材料,缺乏明确的诊断性土壤分类标准,这些材料并不完全符合 pH < 4.0 的诊断性 pH 标准。本文介绍了两种新的 ASS 材料,前缀 "para "分别代表副硫酸盐材料(氧化材料)和副过硫酸盐材料(还原材料)。这些材料对矿物和有机土壤材料(此处定义为有机物含量大于 20%;泥炭和石膏)的 pH 值诊断标准分别为 4.0-4.5 和 3.0-3.5(副硫酸盐材料的现场 pH 值和副过硫酸盐材料的培养 pH 值)。术语 "对位酸性硫酸盐土壤(para-ASS)材料 "指的是由于酸性和溶解金属的移动而可能对环境产生重大影响的土壤材料。由于有机酸可将 pH 值降至低于 ASS 材料的既定 pH 值 < 4.0,因此芬兰-瑞典 ASS 分类法中有机土壤材料的 pH 值为 < 3.0。因此,这些变化和对现有 ASS 材料诊断的新增加,也导致对现有术语 "高硫酸盐材料 "和 "硫酸盐材料 "所要求的现场 pH 值进行了轻微修改。芬兰-瑞典 ASS 分类法还包括对整个土壤剖面进行系统分类的方法,对诊断性 ASS 材料没有深度要求;重要的是土壤目前或可能对环境造成的影响。建议将芬兰-瑞典 ASS 分类法作为建立全球统一 ASS 分类法的框架,并将新的诊断性 ASS 材料纳入相关的国际土壤分类系统。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Classification of acid sulfate soils and soil materials in Finland and Sweden: Re-introduction of para-acid sulfate soils
Established international soil classification systems have not properly accommodated acid sulfate soils (ASS) and soil materials in Finland and Sweden because: (1) in these soils some diagnostic ASS properties are too deep to meet the depth requirements, and (2) there is a lack of defined diagnostic soil classification criteria for acidic and potentially acidic soil materials that do not completely fulfill the diagnostic pH-criterion of pH < 4.0. In this paper, two new ASS materials are introduced with the prefix “para” for parasulfuric material (oxidized material) and parahypersulfidic material (reduced material). These materials have diagnostic pH-criteria of pH 4.0–4.5 and 3.0–3.5 (field-pH for parasulfuric material and incubation-pH for parahypersulfidic material) for mineral and organic soil materials (here defined as > 20% organic matter; peat and gyttja), respectively. The term “para-acid sulfate soil (para-ASS) material” is introduced for soil materials which may have a considerable environmental impact due to mobilization of acidity and dissolved metals. Because organic acids may lower pH to values below the established pH-value of < 4.0 for ASS materials, a pH of < 3.0 is used in the Finnish-Swedish ASS classification for organic soil materials. These changes and new additions to existing diagnostic ASS materials have consequently also led to a slight modification of the required field-pH values of the existing terms “hypersulfidic material” and “sulfuric material”. The Finnish-Swedish ASS classification further includes a systematic way for classification of the entire soil profile and no depth requirements for diagnostic ASS materials are present; what matters is the current or potential environmental impact that the soil has or may have. It is proposed that the Finnish-Swedish ASS classification may serve as a framework for establishing a unified ASS classification globally and that the new diagnostic ASS materials are included in relevant international soil classification systems.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
5
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland (BGSF) publishes research articles and short communications in all branches of geosciences. Contributions from outside Finland are welcome, provided that they contain material relevant to Finnish geology or are of general interest.
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