外来柞树和本地柞树幼苗中与干旱相关的根系形态特征和非结构性碳水化合物:对入侵的可能影响

IF 2.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 ECOLOGY
A. Di Iorio, Anna Claudia Caspani, Peter Beatrice, A. Montagnoli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

红栎(Quercus rubra L.)是一种原产于北美东部的中度耐阴树种,自引入中欧和南欧森林取代原生有梗橡树(Quercus robur)以来,很容易再生。在干旱加剧的情况下,了解这两种树种的幼苗对水分限制的反应对于森林保护和管理至关重要。为此,我们对在受控条件下生长的栎树和红栎幼苗的细根和细根进行了形态学、生理学和非结构性碳水化合物分析。结果表明,在所有研究的性状方面,不同物种之间存在明显差异。外来的红叶石楠的嫩枝和根的生物量低于本地的栎树,尤其是直径为 1-2 毫米的粗细根。不过,这两个物种同样将更多的生物量投入到芽中,而不是根系中(R:S 比值小于 1)。在 0.5-1 毫米细根等级中观察到了对干旱的明显反应,中度和重度干旱幼苗的生物量略高于对照幼苗,尤其是红叶石楠。红叶石楠的总体生长量下降表明,与建造和维护相关的成本超过了地上部分的投入,这一点可以从较低的光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSII 的量子产率(ΦPSII)和气孔导度值得到佐证。特别是,气孔导度的降低保证了正午叶片水势的高水平(即组织水合水平),而这是以牺牲生长为代价的。在干旱条件下,红叶石楠细根中的低淀粉浓度与低光化学效率呈正相关,这可能是由于来自地上部的光合作用输入减少所致。与所报告的等水行为相反,这些结果突出表明,至少在幼苗阶段和所采用的实验条件下,红叶石楠具有相当高的等水行为,这使得该物种在夏季树冠开阔处较干燥的条件下具有很强的竞争力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Drought-related root morphological traits and non-structural carbohydrates in the seedlings of the alien Quercus rubra and the native Quercus robur: possible implication for invasiveness
Quercus rubra L. is a moderately shade-tolerant tree species native to eastern North America, readily regenerating since its introduction in the Central and Southern European forests to displace the native pedunculate oak (Quercus robur). Under a scenario of increasing drought, understanding the seedling responses of these two species to water limitation is critical for forest conservation and management. To this aim, morphological, physiological and non-structural carbohydrates analyzes were performed on very-fine and fine roots of Q. robur and Q. rubra seedlings grown under controlled conditions and exposed to two levels of drought before allowing them to recover. Results show significant differences between species for all the investigated traits. The alien Q. rubra showed lower shoot and root biomasses than the native Q. robur, particularly for the thicker fine root 1–2 mm diameter class. However, both species equally invested more biomass in the shoot than the root system (R:S ratio <1). A significant response to drought was observed for the 0.5–1 mm fine root class, with moderate and severe droughted seedlings showing slightly higher biomass than control, particularly in Q. rubra. The overall growth reduction of Q. rubra suggests that the costs associated with the construction and maintenance outweigh the inputs from aboveground, as supported by the lower values of photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), quantum yield (ΦPSII) of PSII and stomatal conductance. In particular, the reduced stomatal conductance assured high midday leaf water potential (i.e., tissue hydration levels) at the expense of growth. The low starch concentration in Q. rubra’s very-fine roots correlated positively with the low photochemical efficiency under drought conditions, probably due to the reduction of photosynthate inputs from aboveground. In contrast to the anisohydric behavior reported, these outcomes highlight a rather isohydric behavior for Q. rubra, at least at the seedling stage and in the adopted experimental conditions, making this species highly competitive under the drier condition in the canopy openings during the summer period.
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CiteScore
4.50
自引率
6.20%
发文量
256
审稿时长
12 weeks
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