A Consensual Qualitative Study on Experiences in Group Dynamics by Clients for Group Counseling via Videoconferencing

Objectives This study was conducted to examine the group dynamics experience during video group counseling, focusing on the perspectives of group members who have undergone in-person group counseling. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted from July to September 2021 with 10 participants who had experi-enced both in-person and video group counseling, and the collected data were analyzed using the consensual qualitative research (CQR) method. Results The analysis resulted in a total of 4 areas, 12 categories, and 28 subcategories, and the main findings are as follows. Firstly, the online space was characterized by a unique experience marked by maintaining boundaries with others and a degree of immersion in the group. Secondly, relationships with group members were repre-sented as self-disclosure of group members depending on the atmosphere, rapport between group members that is somewhat difficult to form, and bonding that starts with a sense of connection still exists. Thirdly, the interactive experience on monitors was summarized as lack of realism does not prevent group dynamics, interaction formed while being watchful of others, omniscient monitoring, and conflict sparked within the group. Lastly, preferences for the video method were demonstrated in efficiency of video, confidentiality and privacy, and utilizing video tools and programs. Conclusions This study extensively examined the group dynamics by analyzing the experiences of participants who underwent video group counseling in comparison to in-person counseling and also discussed the practical efficacy of video group counseling and its future implications.