病人对医疗服务的可及性、质量和有效性的看法

Mushnikov D.L., Oleynik A.V., Ananyina L.G., Borisova T.P., Germakhanov Z.Z., Drobysheva E.V., Sakova S.A.
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To study the opinion of patients about the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care. Materials and methods. A multicenter sociological study was carried out in medical organizations of the Ivanovo, Yaroslavl and Moscow regions. The research method is a sociological survey. Respondents were offered the questionnaire \"Patients' Opinion on the Availability, Quality and Effectiveness of Medical Care\", which included 15 closed-ended questions. A sample population formed by random selection. Statistical processing of the material provided for the formation of a database in spreadsheets, the calculation of relative values and the reliability of their difference according to the student’s criterion. An analytical method was used to compare the data and formulate conclusions.\nResults. The sociological survey showed a \"depression\" of patients' opinions about health care, which is manifested in the high frequency of negative assessments of accessibility (23, 5 per 100 respondents), quality (19,5 per 100 respondents) and effectiveness of medical care (14,5 per 100 respondents) in general. There are differences in the assessment of patients by the profile of services and types of institutions, which makes it necessary to form a set of measures to correct deviations and conduct regular patient surveys on the principle of monitoring in order to assess their effectiveness. The frequency of patients' positive opinions on the availability of medical care was higher in the pediatric profile of services (60,2 per 100 respondents), preventive services (63,8 per 100 respondents), inpatient services (67,0 per 100 respondents), in the Moscow region (49,7 per 100 respondents).\nConclusion. The theoretical significance of the data for assessing patients' opinions about the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care is associated with the possibility of identifying and structuring existing problems in health care. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

相关性。俄罗斯目前的医疗保健战略除其他重要优先事项外,还强调要实现医疗保健的可及性、质量和有效性的高指标。评估这些指标(包括动态指标)实现水平的工具之一是研究患者的意见。许多作者指出,在制定和通过管理决策时,必须考虑患者对所提供医疗服务的意见。然而,考虑到服务的不同情况和医疗机构的类型,关于病人对医疗服务的可用性、质量和有效性的意见却缺乏科学数据。研究患者对医疗服务的可获得性、质量和有效性的看法。材料和方法。在伊万诺沃州、雅罗斯拉夫尔州和莫斯科州的医疗机构开展了一项多中心社会学研究。研究方法是社会学调查。向受访者提供了 "患者对医疗服务的可获得性、质量和有效性的看法 "问卷,其中包括 15 个封闭式问题。抽样人口通过随机方式产生。通过对材料进行统计处理,在电子表格中建立了数据库,并根据学生标准计算了相对值及其差异的可靠性。采用分析方法对数据进行比较并得出结论。社会学调查显示,患者对医疗服务的意见 "低迷",这表现在对医疗服务的可及性(每 100 名受访者中有 23.5 人)、质量(每 100 名受访者中有 19.5 人)和有效性(每 100 名受访者中有 14.5 人)的总体负面评价频率较高。患者对服务和机构类型的评价存在差异,因此有必要制定一套纠正偏差的措施,并根据监测原则定期进行患者调查,以评估其有效性。在儿科服务(每 100 名受访者中 60.2 人)、预防服务(每 100 名受访者中 63.8 人)、住院服务(每 100 名受访者中 67.0 人)和莫斯科地区(每 100 名受访者中 49.7 人)中,患者对医疗服务可获得性的积极评价频率较高。评估患者对医疗服务的可获得性、质量和有效性的意见的数据的理论意义在于可以确定和组织医疗服务中存在的问题。这样就有可能找出明显不可见的、与患者对医疗服务的感性认识有关的问题和矛盾,并确定改善医疗服务的机会和方向。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PATIENTS' OPINION ON THE ACCESSIBILITY, QUALITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MEDICAL CARE
Relevance. He current healthcare strategy of Russia, among other significant priorities, highlights the achievement of high indicators of accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care. One of the tools for assessing the level of achievement of these indicators, including in dynamics, is the study of patients' opinions. Many authors note the importance of taking into account the opinion of patients about the care provided for the development and adoption of management decisions. However, there is a lack of scientific data on patients' opinions on the availability, quality and effectiveness of medical care, taking into account the different profile of services and the type of health care facilities. Objective. To study the opinion of patients about the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care. Materials and methods. A multicenter sociological study was carried out in medical organizations of the Ivanovo, Yaroslavl and Moscow regions. The research method is a sociological survey. Respondents were offered the questionnaire "Patients' Opinion on the Availability, Quality and Effectiveness of Medical Care", which included 15 closed-ended questions. A sample population formed by random selection. Statistical processing of the material provided for the formation of a database in spreadsheets, the calculation of relative values and the reliability of their difference according to the student’s criterion. An analytical method was used to compare the data and formulate conclusions. Results. The sociological survey showed a "depression" of patients' opinions about health care, which is manifested in the high frequency of negative assessments of accessibility (23, 5 per 100 respondents), quality (19,5 per 100 respondents) and effectiveness of medical care (14,5 per 100 respondents) in general. There are differences in the assessment of patients by the profile of services and types of institutions, which makes it necessary to form a set of measures to correct deviations and conduct regular patient surveys on the principle of monitoring in order to assess their effectiveness. The frequency of patients' positive opinions on the availability of medical care was higher in the pediatric profile of services (60,2 per 100 respondents), preventive services (63,8 per 100 respondents), inpatient services (67,0 per 100 respondents), in the Moscow region (49,7 per 100 respondents). Conclusion. The theoretical significance of the data for assessing patients' opinions about the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care is associated with the possibility of identifying and structuring existing problems in health care. This makes it possible to identify problems and contradictions that are clearly invisible and related to the emotional perception of care by patients, as well as to identify opportunities and directions for improving medical care.
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