城市化对热带气旋表面风的削弱效应:一项针对上海的观测研究

IF 2.4 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Lechuan Zhang , Hui Yu , Xiangyu Ao , Shengming Tang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

采用观测-分析差分法(OMR)和风廓线拟合法分析了热带气旋事件期间城市化对上海近地面风速的影响。所用数据包括上海气象观测站1991年至2020年的日风速数据、2017年至2019年100米高风塔的小时风速数据以及同期的再分析数据。结果表明,在热带气旋发生期间,中心城区的OMR风速明显低于郊区,且OMR逐年下降较为明显,2020年降至-8 m/s。城市化导致平均风速减弱率的增加高于最大风速减弱率的增加,造成中心城区平均风速最大减弱率超过 80%,而最大风速小于 80%。热带气旋影响期间平均风速和最大风速的减弱率均大于年平均风速的减弱率。热带气旋发生时,岛屿站的风廓线呈对数变化,平均摩擦速度 U∗ 为 0.9389 米/秒,平均粗糙长度 Z0 为 0.4915 米。郊区站点的风速呈线性变化,每上升 100 米,风速变化率增加 5-6 米/秒。在海拔 100 米处,郊区的风速降低了约 40%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The weakening effect of urbanization on tropical cyclone surface winds : An observational study for Shanghai

The observation-reanalysis difference method (OMR) and wind profile fitting method were used to analyze the influence urbanization has on the near-surface wind speed in Shanghai during tropical cyclone events. The data used include daily wind speed data from the Shanghai Meteorological Observatory Station collected from 1991 to 2020, hourly wind speed data from 100 m high wind towers from 2017 to 2019, and reanalysis data that covered the same period. The results indicated that during tropical cyclone occurrence, the wind speed of the OMR in the central urban region was significantly lower than that in the suburban area, and the OMR declined more obviously over the year, down to −8 m/s in 2020. Urbanization leads to the increase of average wind weakening rate to be higher than the maximum wind weakening rate, causing the maximum weakening rate of the central urban region to the average wind over 80%, while maximum wind speed was less than 80%. The weakening rate of both the average and maximum wind speeds during tropical cyclone impacts is greater than the rate that the annual average wind speed was reduced. A logarithmic variation was visible in the wind profile of the island station during tropical cyclone occurrence, with an average friction velocity U∗ of 0.9389 m/s and an average rough length Z0 of 0.4915 m. The wind speed during tropical cyclone events was higher than the three-year average wind speed within each layer. The suburban stations show a linear variation, and every hundred meters of height results in an increase of 5–6 m/s in the wind speed change rate. At 100 m of altitude, the wind speed in the suburban region is reduced by approximately 40%.

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来源期刊
Tropical Cyclone Research and Review
Tropical Cyclone Research and Review METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
3.40%
发文量
184
审稿时长
30 weeks
期刊介绍: Tropical Cyclone Research and Review is an international journal focusing on tropical cyclone monitoring, forecasting, and research as well as associated hydrological effects and disaster risk reduction. This journal is edited and published by the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee (TC) and the Shanghai Typhoon Institute of the China Meteorology Administration (STI/CMA). Contributions from all tropical cyclone basins are welcome. Scope of the journal includes: • Reviews of tropical cyclones exhibiting unusual characteristics or behavior or resulting in disastrous impacts on Typhoon Committee Members and other regional WMO bodies • Advances in applied and basic tropical cyclone research or technology to improve tropical cyclone forecasts and warnings • Basic theoretical studies of tropical cyclones • Event reports, compelling images, and topic review reports of tropical cyclones • Impacts, risk assessments, and risk management techniques related to tropical cyclones
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