关于 5G 和 6G 安全考虑因素、挑战、趋势和研究领域的系统调查

Future Internet Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI:10.3390/fi16030067
Paul Scalise, Matthew Boeding, M. Hempel, H. Sharif, Joseph Delloiacovo, John Reed
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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着 3GPP 第五代(5G)蜂窝服务的快速推广和日益普及,包括在关键基础设施领域的应用,对这一重要技术的安全机制、风险和潜在漏洞进行审查非常重要。众多安全功能需要协同工作,以确保和维护足够安全的 5G 环境,将用户隐私和安全放在首位。保密性、完整性和可用性都是隐私和安全框架的支柱,定义了 5G 操作的主要方面。第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP)在设计 5G 标准时纳入并考虑了这些因素,目的是为所有人提供高度可靠的网络运行。通过全面回顾,我们旨在分析 5G 不断发展的前景,包括任何潜在的攻击载体以及减轻或预防这些威胁的建议措施。本文全面介绍了近年来有关 5G 系统的最新研究成果,并以系统化的方法重点介绍了核心网络 (CN)、无线接入网络 (RAN) 和用户设备 (UE) 等主要组成部分。此外,我们还围绕 "零信任 "方法,研究了 5G 在时间依赖性、超机密和私人通信中的应用。在当今世界,万物之间的联系比以往任何时候都更加紧密,零信任策略和架构在包含敏感数据的操作中极具价值。实现零信任架构需要对所有设备、用户和请求(无论其在网络中的位置如何)进行持续验证,并只向授权实体授予许可。最后,还讨论了新的 5G 和未来 6G 安全方法的发展和拟议方法,如区块链技术、后量子密码学 (PQC) 和人工智能 (AI) 方案,以便更好地了解这一电信领域当前和未来研究的全貌。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Systematic Survey on 5G and 6G Security Considerations, Challenges, Trends, and Research Areas
With the rapid rollout and growing adoption of 3GPP 5thGeneration (5G) cellular services, including in critical infrastructure sectors, it is important to review security mechanisms, risks, and potential vulnerabilities within this vital technology. Numerous security capabilities need to work together to ensure and maintain a sufficiently secure 5G environment that places user privacy and security at the forefront. Confidentiality, integrity, and availability are all pillars of a privacy and security framework that define major aspects of 5G operations. They are incorporated and considered in the design of the 5G standard by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) with the goal of providing a highly reliable network operation for all. Through a comprehensive review, we aim to analyze the ever-evolving landscape of 5G, including any potential attack vectors and proposed measures to mitigate or prevent these threats. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art research that has been conducted in recent years regarding 5G systems, focusing on the main components in a systematic approach: the Core Network (CN), Radio Access Network (RAN), and User Equipment (UE). Additionally, we investigate the utilization of 5G in time-dependent, ultra-confidential, and private communications built around a Zero Trust approach. In today’s world, where everything is more connected than ever, Zero Trust policies and architectures can be highly valuable in operations containing sensitive data. Realizing a Zero Trust Architecture entails continuous verification of all devices, users, and requests, regardless of their location within the network, and grants permission only to authorized entities. Finally, developments and proposed methods of new 5G and future 6G security approaches, such as Blockchain technology, post-quantum cryptography (PQC), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) schemes, are also discussed to understand better the full landscape of current and future research within this telecommunications domain.
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