STRENGTHENING PUBLIC HEALTH: IMPLEMENTING A COMPLEX OF PREVENTIVE AND REHABILITATION MEASURES TO REDUCE THE RISK OF SPINAL DEFORMITIES PROGRESSION IN MINOR STUDENTS

One of the important tasks of modern healthcare is to preserve and strengthen the health of the younger generation. Within the framework of the National Project «Demography», federal projects «Strengthening Public Health», «Decade of Childhood», public health centers are actively working to implement and support corporate health promotion programs, including general educational organizations. The results of epidemiological studies demonstrate a significant increase in the prevalence of spinal deformities, which are one of the most common pathologies of the musculoskeletal system in the population of schoolchildren. Therefore, the purpose of this study was: the introduction of a set of preventive and rehabilitation measures to reduce the risk of progression of spinal deformities in minor students in educational institutions during the implementation of the project to strengthen public health. Material and research methods. An analysis of the reporting form was carried out to determine the number of identified postural disorders based on the results of preventive examinations carried out in 2022. Further, on the basis of two schools in Kazan, using computer optical non-contact topography of the spine, a survey of 776 schoolchildren was carried out: 347 girls (average age 12.36±0.41) and 429 boys (average age 12.49±0.35 years) whose parents signed voluntary informed consent. The research program was approved at a meeting of the local ethics committee of the Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (protocol No. 8 of October 18, 2022). Statistical data processing was carried out in the Microsoft Excel application package. The results obtained showed that the proportion of practically healthy schoolchildren is 13.66%; postural disorders were found in 71.01% of schoolchildren; Scoliosis of the 1st–2nd degree was detected in 14.69%, and scoliosis of the 3rd degree in 0.64% of schoolchildren. Screening conducted using computer optical topography did not reveal significant differences in the incidence of postural disorders and scoliosis by gender. For early detection of latent and primary forms of spinal diseases, it is necessary to reconsider the frequency and age categories of schoolchildren. For timely correction of identified spinal deformities, it is necessary to expand the network of rehabilitation rooms at children's clinics.