大脑神经调节对运动和营养的影响:叙述性综述

P. Limone, Fiorenzo Moscatelli, A. Scarinci, M. Carotenuto, A. Messina, Marcellino Monda, Anna Dipace, Marco La Marra, I. Villano, Paola Bassi, Rita Polito, G. Messina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究目的二十世纪末,高可靠性、无痛无创的经颅脑刺激技术和设备的发展在众多领域引起了科学和临床的极大兴趣。在神经科学领域,自脑刺激器等创新性无创设备问世以来,对大脑皮层过程及其神经基础的研究发挥了基础性作用。这篇叙述性综述旨在解释神经科学实验对无创经颅刺激领域不断增长的兴趣。在介绍了非侵入性经颅刺激的历史演变之后,我们将尝试概述两种刺激技术(TMS 和 tDCS);我们将描述可使用这些技术进行的不同类型的刺激、兴奋/抑制作用以及大脑活动层面的各种作用机制。我们还将阐明促进/抑制作用的意义,以及如何利用这些刺激方法增进对大脑神经功能组织的了解。研究结果显示了大脑神经调控对运动和营养的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Brain Neuromodulation Effects on Sport and Nutrition: A Narrative Review
Study purpose. At the end of the twentieth century, the development of highly reliable and painless non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation techniques and devices has aroused great scientific and clinical interest in numerous fields. In neuroscience, since the introduction of innovative and non-invasive devices such as the brain stimulator, the investigation of cortical processes and their neural basis has played a fundamental role. Furthermore, neuroscientists are attracted to therapeutic applications for the treatment of food craving. This narrative review is aimed to explain the growing and constant interest of neuroscientific experimentation in the field of non-invasive transcranial stimulation. Material and methods. After an introduction explaining the historical evolution of NIBS, we will try to provide an overview of the two stimulation techniques (TMS and tDCS); we will describe the different types of stimulation that can be performed using these techniques, the excitatory/inhibitory effects, and the various mechanisms of action at the level of brain activity. Results. We will also provide some elucidations regarding the implications of the facilitative/inhibitory effects, and how these stimulation methods can be used to advance knowledge of the neurofunctional organization of the brain. Conclusion. The results of the study showed the effect of brain neuromodulation on sports and nutrition.
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