高级陆地观测卫星（ALOS）相控阵型 L 波段合成孔径雷达（PALSAR）观测中的赤道电离层闪烁测量

IF 10.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.eng.2024.01.027

Yifei Ji , Zhen Dong , Yongsheng Zhang , Feixiang Tang , Wenfei Mao , Haisheng Zhao , Zhengwen Xu , Qingjun Zhang , Bingji Zhao , Heli Gao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

在先进陆地观测卫星（ALOS）相控阵型l波段合成孔径雷达（PALSAR）的许多赤道夜间采集数据中，经常观测到电离层闪烁造成的振幅条纹。这种类型的电离层伪影阻碍了PALSAR干涉测量和偏振测量的应用，其形成原因、形态和负面影响已被深入研究。然而，这个人工制品可以为探测和测量电离层闪烁提供一种积极的方式。本文提出了一种利用PALSAR带振幅条纹图像测量电离层闪烁参数的方法。首先，子视处理有利于从单视复杂图像中恢复散射条纹；在子图像的频域通过带抑制滤波提取振幅条纹图。其次，根据振幅条纹图估计振幅谱密度函数（SDF）；第三，给出了估算长波sdf值与理论sdf值之间的闪烁强度和光谱指数的拟合方案。此外，另一个关键参数闪烁指数可以直接从振幅条纹图中测量，也可以间接从闪烁强度和光谱指数中得出。所提出的方法在两组存在振幅条纹的PALSAR采集上得到了充分的证明。通过比较实测和推导的闪烁指数，比较距离线和方位线的测量值，进行自验证。通过将PALSAR测量结果与原位全球定位系统（GPS）测量结果进行比较，进行交叉验证。处理结果表明，该方法具有较强的空间分辨率和鲁棒性，能够从空间测量电离层闪烁参数。

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Equatorial Ionospheric Scintillation Measurement in Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Array-Type L-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar Observations

Amplitude stripes imposed by ionospheric scintillation have been frequently observed in many of the equatorial nighttime acquisitions of the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array-type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR). This type of ionospheric artifact impedes PALSAR interferometric and polarimetric applications, and its formation cause, morphology, and negative influence have been deeply investigated. However, this artifact can provide an alternative opportunity in a positive way for probing and measuring ionosphere scintillation. In this paper, a methodology for measuring ionospheric scintillation parameters from PALSAR images with amplitude stripes is proposed. Firstly, sublook processing is beneficial for recovering the scattered stripes from a single-look complex image; the amplitude stripe pattern is extracted via band-rejection filtering in the frequency domain of the sublook image. Secondly, the amplitude spectrum density function (SDF) is estimated from the amplitude stripe pattern. Thirdly, a fitting scheme for measuring the scintillation strength and spectrum index is conducted between the estimated and theoretical long-wavelength SDFs. In addition, another key parameter, the scintillation index, can be directly measured from the amplitude stripe pattern or indirectly derived from the scintillation strength and spectrum index. The proposed methodology is fully demonstrated on two groups of PALSAR acquisitions in the presence of amplitude stripes. Self-validation is conducted by comparing the measured and derived scintillation index and by comparing the measurements of range lines and azimuth lines. Cross-validation is performed by comparing the PALSAR measurements with in situ Global Position System (GPS) measurements. The processing results demonstrate a powerful capability to robustly measure ionospheric scintillation parameters from space with high spatial resolution.

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来源期刊

Engineering Environmental Science-Environmental Engineering

自引率

1.60%

发文量

335

审稿时长

35 days

期刊介绍： Engineering, an international open-access journal initiated by the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in 2015, serves as a distinguished platform for disseminating cutting-edge advancements in engineering R&D, sharing major research outputs, and highlighting key achievements worldwide. The journal's objectives encompass reporting progress in engineering science, fostering discussions on hot topics, addressing areas of interest, challenges, and prospects in engineering development, while considering human and environmental well-being and ethics in engineering. It aims to inspire breakthroughs and innovations with profound economic and social significance, propelling them to advanced international standards and transforming them into a new productive force. Ultimately, this endeavor seeks to bring about positive changes globally, benefit humanity, and shape a new future.