Defining omics-based biomarker signatures of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): In vitro studies

Recent years have seen considerable rise in the cases of non-alcoholic and alcohol-associated/related liver disease. Though largely a reversible condition in early stages, if left untreated, it leads to permanent damage in the form of fibrosis to cirrhosis to liver cancer. Early identification of the stage of progression can arrest chronic liver disease (CLD). Development of in vitro systems that mimic the patient's liver allows research on liver regeneration and CLD. At cellular and tissue level, the omics expression profiles provide a valid tool to analyze and compare between the in vitro developed and in vivo liver. Here, in a systematic way, we review the recent publications on single to multiple gene expression profiling of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) (previously included conditions of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, NAFLD) to identify the potential pharmacologically important biomarker.