引进物种渗入南乔治亚岛亚南极冰川退缩后的近期演替阶段

IF 3.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Pierre Tichit, Paul Brickle, Rosemary J. Newton, Peter Convey, Wayne Dawson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生物入侵是全球生物多样性减少的主要原因之一。与此同时,气候变暖导致的冰川退缩正在全球范围内以惊人的速度发生,威胁着独特的分类群和生态系统。然而,我们对引进物种如何促进新近冰川消退前地的殖民动态知之甚少。为了回答这个问题,我们在两个夏季的实地考察中,对南乔治亚岛上三个潮水冰川和三个内陆冰川正在消退的前缘地带的植物和无脊椎动物群落进行了详细调查。这里的维管植物群落包括了南乔治亚岛本土植物群落的很大一部分。正如预期的那样,植物的丰富度和覆盖率随着时间的推移而增加。外来植物在研究地点有广泛分布,有两个物种(Poa annua 和 Cerastium fontanum)是最近冰川消融地区最早和最常见的定殖物种(在超过 75% 的调查横断面上出现)。引入的节肢动物也出现在潮水冰川周围,其中包括一种重要的掠食性物种(Merizodus soledadinus),已知它对本地无脊椎动物群落有不利影响。我们的研究提供了一幅罕见而详细的图景,描绘了亚南极地区沿冰川消融时序发展的新型群落。引入的物种能够追踪南乔治亚岛的冰川退缩,这表明随着该地区气候的持续变暖,进一步的本地殖民和扩散是不可避免的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia
Biological invasions are one of the main drivers of global biodiversity decline. At the same time, glacial retreat induced by climate warming is occurring at an alarming rate across the globe, threatening unique taxa and ecosystems. However, we know little about how introduced species contribute to the dynamics of colonisation in newly-deglaciated forelands. To answer this question, detailed inventories of plant and invertebrate communities were undertaken during two summer field seasons in the forelands of three tidewater and three inland glaciers that are retreating on the sub-Antarctic Island of South Georgia. The vascular plant communities present included a large proportion of South Georgia’s native flora. As expected, plant richness and cover increased with time since deglaciation along a deglaciation chronosequence. Introduced plants were well represented in the study sites and two species (Poa annua and Cerastium fontanum) were amongst the earliest and most frequent colonisers of recently-deglaciated areas (occurring on more than 75% of transects surveyed). Introduced arthropods were also present around tidewater glaciers, including an important predatory species (Merizodus soledadinus) with known detrimental impacts on native invertebrate communities. Our study provides a rare and detailed picture of developing novel communities along a deglaciation chronosequence in the sub-Antarctic. Introduced species are able to track glacial retreat on South Georgia, indicating that further local colonisation and spread are inevitable as the region’s climate continues to warm.
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来源期刊
Neobiota
Neobiota Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
7.80%
发文量
0
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: NeoBiota is a peer-reviewed, open-access, rapid online journal launched to accelerate research on alien species and biological invasions: aquatic and terrestrial, animals, plants, fungi and micro-organisms. The journal NeoBiota is a continuation of the former NEOBIOTA publication series; for volumes 1-8 see http://www.oekosys.tu-berlin.de/menue/neobiota All articles are published immediately upon editorial approval. All published papers can be freely copied, downloaded, printed and distributed at no charge for the reader. Authors are thus encouraged to post the pdf files of published papers on their homepages or elsewhere to expedite distribution. There is no charge for color.
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