{"title":"铁硫团簇的调控和传感:新见解和未解之谜","authors":"Anna M. SantaMaria, Tracey A. Rouault","doi":"10.3390/inorganics12040101","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Iron is an essential nutrient and necessary for biological functions from DNA replication and repair to transcriptional regulation, mitochondrial respiration, electron transfer, oxygen transport, photosynthesis, enzymatic catalysis, and nitrogen fixation. However, due to iron’s propensity to generate toxic radicals which can cause damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids, multiple processes regulate the uptake and distribution of iron in living systems. Understanding how intracellular iron metabolism is optimized and how iron is utilized to regulate other intracellular processes is important to our overall understanding of a multitude of biological processes. One of the tools that the cell utilizes to regulate a multitude of functions is the ligation of the iron–sulfur (Fe-S) cluster cofactor. Fe-S clusters comprised of iron and inorganic sulfur are ancient components of living matter on earth that are integral for physiological function in all domains of life. FeS clusters that function as biological sensors have been implicated in a diverse group of life from mammals to bacteria, fungi, plants, and archaea. Here, we will explore the ways in which cells and organisms utilize Fe-S clusters to sense changes in their intracellular environment and restore equilibrium.","PeriodicalId":507601,"journal":{"name":"Inorganics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Regulatory and Sensing Iron–Sulfur Clusters: New Insights and Unanswered Questions\",\"authors\":\"Anna M. SantaMaria, Tracey A. Rouault\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/inorganics12040101\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Iron is an essential nutrient and necessary for biological functions from DNA replication and repair to transcriptional regulation, mitochondrial respiration, electron transfer, oxygen transport, photosynthesis, enzymatic catalysis, and nitrogen fixation. However, due to iron’s propensity to generate toxic radicals which can cause damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids, multiple processes regulate the uptake and distribution of iron in living systems. Understanding how intracellular iron metabolism is optimized and how iron is utilized to regulate other intracellular processes is important to our overall understanding of a multitude of biological processes. One of the tools that the cell utilizes to regulate a multitude of functions is the ligation of the iron–sulfur (Fe-S) cluster cofactor. Fe-S clusters comprised of iron and inorganic sulfur are ancient components of living matter on earth that are integral for physiological function in all domains of life. FeS clusters that function as biological sensors have been implicated in a diverse group of life from mammals to bacteria, fungi, plants, and archaea. Here, we will explore the ways in which cells and organisms utilize Fe-S clusters to sense changes in their intracellular environment and restore equilibrium.\",\"PeriodicalId\":507601,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Inorganics\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Inorganics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12040101\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Inorganics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics12040101","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
铁是人体必需的营养素,是 DNA 复制和修复、转录调节、线粒体呼吸、电子传递、氧运输、光合作用、酶催化和固氮等生物功能所必需的。然而,由于铁容易产生有毒自由基,对 DNA、蛋白质和脂质造成损害,因此生命系统中铁的吸收和分布受多种过程的调节。了解细胞内铁代谢如何优化以及如何利用铁来调节其他细胞内过程,对于我们全面了解多种生物过程非常重要。细胞用来调节多种功能的工具之一是铁硫(Fe-S)簇辅助因子的连接。由铁和无机硫组成的 Fe-S 簇是地球上生物物质的古老成分,是所有生命领域中生理功能不可或缺的组成部分。从哺乳动物到细菌、真菌、植物和古细菌,作为生物传感器发挥作用的 FeS 簇与各种生命体都有关联。在这里,我们将探讨细胞和生物如何利用 Fe-S 簇来感知细胞内环境的变化并恢复平衡。
Regulatory and Sensing Iron–Sulfur Clusters: New Insights and Unanswered Questions
Iron is an essential nutrient and necessary for biological functions from DNA replication and repair to transcriptional regulation, mitochondrial respiration, electron transfer, oxygen transport, photosynthesis, enzymatic catalysis, and nitrogen fixation. However, due to iron’s propensity to generate toxic radicals which can cause damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids, multiple processes regulate the uptake and distribution of iron in living systems. Understanding how intracellular iron metabolism is optimized and how iron is utilized to regulate other intracellular processes is important to our overall understanding of a multitude of biological processes. One of the tools that the cell utilizes to regulate a multitude of functions is the ligation of the iron–sulfur (Fe-S) cluster cofactor. Fe-S clusters comprised of iron and inorganic sulfur are ancient components of living matter on earth that are integral for physiological function in all domains of life. FeS clusters that function as biological sensors have been implicated in a diverse group of life from mammals to bacteria, fungi, plants, and archaea. Here, we will explore the ways in which cells and organisms utilize Fe-S clusters to sense changes in their intracellular environment and restore equilibrium.