受特大扰动影响的桉树再生林中大树的数量变化和损失

IF 6.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Eli R. Bendall, Luke C. Collins, Kirsty V. Milner, Michael Bedward, Matthias M. Boer, Brendan Choat, Rachael V. Gallagher, Belinda E. Medlyn, Rachael H. Nolan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的全球温带地区都出现了与干旱和火灾相关的树木死亡率上升的现象。植被恢复已被广泛报道;然而,人们对干扰如何在环境梯度上改变森林的结构和功能却知之甚少。我们研究了生长在低肥力土壤上的干燥森林与生长在肥力较高土壤上的湿润森林相比,是否由于树木死亡率较低、重新萌发成功率较高以及幼树存活率较高,而对极端干旱和严重火灾的抵御能力更强。地点澳大利亚东南部温带耐火桉树林时间2020-2023年研究的主要分类群桉树、桉树、盎格鲁桉树方法对遭受极端干旱和火灾的所有干旱/潮湿森林、肥沃/不肥沃基质组合中的树木死亡率和再生情况进行了人口学调查。我们使用贝叶斯回归模型比较了不同基质/森林类型之间的树木死亡率、直径、反应特征、种群结构和火烧疤痕的出现情况。结果总体死亡率(20%-33%)和顶枯率(34%-41%)在不同森林和土壤类型的历史报告范围内。然而,我们观察到一种非典型的趋势,即最大的树木死亡率和顶枯率上升,尤其是当这些树木的结构因过去的火灾而受到破坏时。土壤肥沃的湿润森林中的树木死亡率最高。在肥力较低的土壤上生长的干燥森林中,持续重生的幼树数量最多。生长在低肥力土壤上的干燥森林由于较低的死亡率和较高的幼林存活率,似乎更能抵御复合干扰。主要结论研究发现,相对肥沃土壤上的热带雨林受复合干扰影响而发生人口变化的风险相对较高。火灾和干旱加在一起可能会减少受影响地区的大树数量,从而对森林碳循环和碳储存产生影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Demographic change and loss of big trees in resprouting eucalypt forests exposed to megadisturbance

Demographic change and loss of big trees in resprouting eucalypt forests exposed to megadisturbance

Aim

Increased tree mortality linked to droughts and fires is occurring across temperate regions globally. Vegetation recovery has been widely reported; however, less is known about how disturbance may alter forests structurally and functionally across environmental gradients. We examined whether dry forests growing on low-fertility soils were more resilient to coupled extreme drought and severe fire owing to lower tree mortality rates, higher resprouting success and persistence of juveniles relative to wetter forests on more fertile soils.

Location

Fire-tolerant eucalypt forests of temperate southeastern Australia.

Time period

2020–2023.

Major taxa studied

Eucalyptus, Corymbia, Angophora.

Methods

Demographic surveys of tree mortality and regeneration in all combinations of dry/wet forest, fertile/less fertile substrates exposed to extreme drought and fire were conducted. We used Bayesian regression modelling to compare tree mortality, diameter, response traits, population structure and occurrence of fire scars between substrates/forest types.

Results

Overall mortality (20%–33%) and topkill (34%–41%) were within historically reported ranges for various forests and soil types. However, we observed an atypical trend of increased mortality and topkill in the largest trees, particularly when they had structural damage from past fires. Trees in wet forests on more fertile soils had the highest levels of mortality. Numbers of persistent resprouting juveniles were highest in dry forests on low-fertility soils. Dry forests growing on low-fertility soils appear more resilient to compound disturbances due to lower rates of mortality and higher rates of juvenile persistence. Wet forests on more fertile soils may experience greater demographic change due to higher mortality of small and large trees.

Main conclusions

Mesic forests on relatively fertile soils were found to be at relatively high risk of demographic change from compound disturbances. Combined, fire and drought are likely to reduce the number of large trees in affected areas, with consequences for forest carbon cycling and storage.

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来源期刊
Global Ecology and Biogeography
Global Ecology and Biogeography 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
3.10%
发文量
170
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.
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