Nanoplasmonic sensing for studies on liposomes and extracellular vesicles

Nanoplasmonic sensing (NPS) is a comparatively new and powerful technique, which is yet to achieve its full potential across various fields of sciences. The principle behind NPS is localized surface plasmon resonance. NPS has several advantages over traditional sensing techniques when it comes to selectivity, sensitivity, concentration of analyte required, and prohibitive costs involved. The phenomenon exhibits at the resolution depth between two and a few tens of nm, which is difficult in practice or expensive to attain with various modern microscopes. Additionally, NPS is a label free technique which can measure fast and real-time interactions at the solid-liquid interface. This review highlights the applications of NPS in lipid research and the emerging field of extracellular vesicles.