评估针对特定挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 的不同消防员个人防护设备界面控制措施的工作场所保护系数 (WPF)。

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
M Christina Kander, Alexander C Mayer, Andrea F Wilkinson, Stephen Bertke, Richard M Kesler, Denise L Smith, Gavin P Horn, Kenneth W Fent
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引用次数: 0

摘要

结构性消防员会接触到一系列复杂的污染物和燃烧副产品,包括挥发性有机化合物 (VOC)。此外,最近的研究发现,结构性消防员的皮肤可能会通过个人防护装备(PPE)或其周围的化学副产品的渗透或渗入而接触到多种化学物质。这项基于人体模型的研究评估了四种不同的个人防护装备条件和不同的污染控制措施(包括个人防护装备界面设计特征和微粒阻挡材料)在烟雾暴露室中防止多种挥发性有机化合物侵入的效果。我们还研究了长袖底层服装为防止皮肤污染提供额外保护的效果。我们在烟雾暴露舱内的呼吸区、腹部和大腿高度测量了舱外装备的空气浓度。个人空气浓度是从穿戴个人防护设备的人体模型腹部和大腿高度处采集的。采样污染物包括苯、甲苯、苯乙烯和萘。结果表明,挥发性有机化合物很容易穿透防护服。苯和甲苯的工作场所防护系数(WPFs)接近于 1,并且随着污染物分子量的增加而增加。与裤子相比,头罩和夹克的 WPF 值普遍较低。在所有个人防护设备条件下,裤子似乎对挥发性有机化合物的侵入提供了最大的整体保护,但这可能部分是由于地面(和裤子袖口)的空气浓度相对于计算 WPFs 时使用的大腿高度的外部装备浓度较低。提供更多的界面控制措施和添加微粒阻隔材料似乎对挥发性较低的化学品(如萘和苯乙烯)有保护作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluating workplace protection factors (WPFs) of different firefighter PPE interface control measures for select volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Structural firefighters are exposed to a complex set of contaminants and combustion byproducts, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Additionally, recent studies have found structural firefighters' skin may be exposed to multiple chemical compounds via permeation or penetration of chemical byproducts through or around personal protective equipment (PPE). This mannequin-based study evaluated the effectiveness of four different PPE conditions with varying contamination control measures (incorporating PPE interface design features and particulate blocking materials) to protect against ingress of several VOCs in a smoke exposure chamber. We also investigated the effectiveness of long-sleeve base layer clothing to provide additional protection against skin contamination. Outside gear air concentrations were measured from within the smoke exposure chamber at the breathing zone, abdomen, and thigh heights. Personal air concentrations were collected from mannequins under PPE at the same general heights and under the base layer at abdomen and thigh heights. Sampled contaminants included benzene, toluene, styrene, and naphthalene. Results suggest that VOCs can readily penetrate the ensembles. Workplace protection factors (WPFs) were near one for benzene and toluene and increased with increasing molecular weight of the contaminants. WPFs were generally lower under hoods and jackets compared to under pants. For all PPE conditions, the pants appeared to provide the greatest overall protection against ingress of VOCs, but this may be due in part to the lower air concentrations toward the floor (and cuffs of pants) relative to the thigh-height outside gear concentrations used in calculating the WPFs. Providing added interface control measures and adding particulate-blocking materials appeared to provide a protective benefit against less-volatile chemicals, like naphthalene and styrene.

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来源期刊
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 环境科学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
10.00%
发文量
81
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene ( JOEH ) is a joint publication of the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA®) and ACGIH®. The JOEH is a peer-reviewed journal devoted to enhancing the knowledge and practice of occupational and environmental hygiene and safety by widely disseminating research articles and applied studies of the highest quality. The JOEH provides a written medium for the communication of ideas, methods, processes, and research in core and emerging areas of occupational and environmental hygiene. Core domains include, but are not limited to: exposure assessment, control strategies, ergonomics, and risk analysis. Emerging domains include, but are not limited to: sensor technology, emergency preparedness and response, changing workforce, and management and analysis of "big" data.
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