诊断和讨论性虐待:医疗保健专业人员培训方法的范围审查

IF 1.8 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES
Fiona Elizabeth van Zyl-Bonk, Sibylle Lange, Antoinette Leonarda Maria Lagro-Janssen, Theodora Alberta Maria Teunissen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:性虐待是一个具有多种后果的健康问题。事实证明,认识和讨论过去的性虐待对医护专业人员来说具有挑战性。为了提高性虐待受害者医疗保健的整体质量,需要对医护专业人员进行适当的培训。本文旨在概述针对医护专业人员的培训方法,并报告其有效性:方法:进行了范围界定审查。2022 年 12 月在六个数据库中进行了广泛搜索。由两名独立审稿人对研究进行筛选,然后进行质量评估和数据提取:经过对标题和摘要的筛选以及随后的全文质量评估,共筛选出 7 篇文章,其中大部分是非随机试验,在总共 1299 名医护人员中进行。所有研究的质量均被评为中差。参与者参加的培训课程时间、地点、形式和方法多种多样。培训结果显示,参加者在讨论性暴力问题时的自我感觉或测量知识、技能和信心都有所提高。对临床实践中的变化几乎没有进行调查。在培训课程中,将被动的说教方法(如讲座和视频)与主动的参与策略(如讨论和角色扮演)相结合,效果最佳。及时反复强化所学知识和技能也有助于提高培训效果。学员们最喜欢在小范围内接受反馈和分享个人经验:本范围综述总结了如何有效地培训医疗保健专业人员。讨论了衡量培训课程有效性的缺陷和困难。通过交替使用多种主动和被动培训方法,并留出反馈和个人经验的空间,可以有效地培训医护人员识别和讨论过去的性虐待行为。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Diagnosing and Discussing Sexual Abuse: A Scoping Review on Training Methods for Health Care Professionals
Purpose: Sexual abuse is a health issue with many consequences. Recognizing and discussing past sexual abuse has proven to be challenging for health care professionals. To improve overall quality of health care for sexual abuse victims, health care professionals need to be properly trained. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of training methods for health care professionals and to report on their effectiveness.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted. A broad search was executed in six databases in December 2022. Study selection was performed by two independent reviewers, followed by quality assessment and data extraction.
Results: After screening of titles and abstracts and later full-text assessment for quality appraisal, seven articles were selected, consisting mostly of non-randomized trials, performed among a total of 1299 health care professionals. All studies were assessed to be of moderate to poor quality. The participants attended training courses with a wide variety of durations, settings, formats and methods. The outcomes showed improvements in self-perceived or measured knowledge, skills and confidence to discuss sexual violence. Changes in clinical practice were scarcely investigated. Training courses were most effective when a mix of didactic passive methods, such as lectures and videos, and active participatory strategies, such as discussions and roleplay, were applied. Timely iteration to reinforce retention of gained knowledge and skills also contributed to effectiveness. Participants most enjoyed incorporating opportunities for receiving feedback in small settings and sharing personal experiences.
Conclusion: This scoping review summarizes on how to effectively train health care professionals. Flaws and difficulties in measuring the effectiveness of training courses were discussed. Recognition and discussion of past sexual abuse by health care providers can be effectively trained using an alternating mix of multiple active and passive training methods with room for feedback and personal experiences.

Keywords: sexual violence, disclosure, recognition, medical education, post-graduate training
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来源期刊
Advances in Medical Education and Practice
Advances in Medical Education and Practice EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
10.00%
发文量
189
审稿时长
16 weeks
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