肯尼亚纳罗克县小牛感染副丝虫的血清流行率和相关风险因素

Wyckliff Ngetich, G. Gitau, T. Okumu, G. Aboge, Daniel Muasya
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摘要

背景与目的:由副丝虫引起的东海岸热(ECF)是一种毁灭性疾病,给撒哈拉以南非洲地区的牛群生产造成了重大经济损失。由于流行病学信息不足,在牧区预防和控制东海岸热具有挑战性。本研究旨在估算不同生产系统中犊牛的血清流行率以及与T. parva感染相关的风险因素,以帮助设计适当的控制干预措施:收集了 318 头犊牛的血样,并使用间接酶联免疫吸附试验进行检测,该试验的目标抗体是针对疟原虫表面的多态免疫显性分子。采样期间还收集了犊牛特征和管理方法的信息。使用描述性统计和逻辑回归分析潜在的风险因素,如年龄和杀螨剂的使用,P < 0.05 为显著结果:在采样的 318 头犊牛中,有 41 头(12.89%)对副疟原虫呈阳性反应,牧区的比例(36.58%)高于混养区(34.10%)和农牧区(29.27%)。单变量分析显示,犊牛年龄(p = 0.002)、体重(p = 0.001)、哺乳状况(p = 0.026)、直肠温度(p = 0.06)、牧草上的犊牛(p = 0.022)、其他饲料(p = 0.004)、农场内种植的饲料(p = 0.004)、杀螨剂施用(p = 0.001)和杀螨剂施用频率(p = 0.001)与血清阳性率显著相关。然而,在多变量混合逻辑模型中,犊牛年龄(几率比[OR],0.96;95% 置信区间[CI],0.91-0.99;p = 0.04)、其他饲料(OR,8.82;95% CI,1.74-44.63;p = 0.009)和哺乳状况(OR,0.38;95% CI,0.15-0.99;p = 0.05)与T. parva感染明显相关:结论:T. parva 在研究地区的幼犊中流行(也可能因母体将抗体传给幼犊而在牛群中流行)。关键词:犊牛;风险因素;血清流行率;副猪嗜血杆菌。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Theileria parva infection among calves in Narok County, Kenya
Background and Aim: East Coast fever (ECF), caused by Theileria parva, is a devastating disease that causes significant economic losses to cattle production in sub-Saharan Africa. Prevention and control of ECF are challenging in pastoral settings due to inadequate epidemiological information. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with T. parva infection among calves in different production systems to help design appropriate control interventions. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 318 calves and tested using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay targeting antibodies against polymorphic immunodominant molecules found on the surface of T. parva. Information on calf characteristics and management practices was also collected during sampling. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze potential risk factors, such as age and acaricide application, where p < 0.05 was considered significant Results: Of the 318 calves sampled, 41 (12.89%) were positive for T. parva, with a higher proportion in pastoral systems (36.58%) than in mixed farming systems (34.10%) and agropastoral systems (29.27%). From univariate analysis, calf age (p = 0.002), body weight (p = 0.001), suckling status (p = 0.026), rectal temperature (p = 0.06), calves on pasture (p = 0.022), other feeds (p = 0.004), feed grown within the farm (p = 0.004), acaricide application (p = 0.001), and acaricide application frequency (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with seropositivity. However, calf age (odds ratio [OR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.99; p = 0.04), other feeds (OR, 8.82; 95% CI, 1.74-44.63; p = 0.009), and suckling status (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.15-0.99; p = 0.05) were significantly associated with T. parva infection in the multivariable mixed logistic model. Conclusion: T. parva is circulating in young calves in the study area (and possibly in cattle populations due to maternal transfer of antibodies to the calves). There is a need for molecular surveillance to determine the presence and burden of T. parva infection. Keywords: calves, risk factors, seroprevalence, Theileria parva.
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