鼻内生理盐水清洁法去除微粒物质的效果

Ivo Slapak, Petr Novak, Martina Hagen, Amey Mahajan, Maria Fernanda Parra
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摘要

目的:高浓度的可吸入颗粒物(PM,空气动力学直径 2.5-10 µm)与呼吸系统疾病、心血管疾病和不良妊娠结局的风险增加有关。可吸入颗粒物会破坏鼻腔上皮屏障,导致呼吸道疾病。鼻腔生理盐水清洗可清除滞留的可吸入颗粒物,有助于支持鼻腔功能。我们旨在确定哪种鼻腔生理盐水给药技术能提供最佳的鼻腔内生理盐水沉积,并评估鼻腔内生理盐水清洗溶液清除可吸入颗粒物模拟粉尘的效果。方法:我们使用涂有人工粘液的鼻罩进行了 3 项体外研究。研究 1 评估了 3 种不同技术鼻腔喷雾剂的沉积模式。每次给药后都要拍摄侧向图像,以量化暴露面积。研究 2 和研究 3 在鼻罩中加入了可吸入颗粒物模拟粉尘,评估了采用视线(LoS)法(头部侧向倾斜 45°,喷雾角度与垂直方向成 0°)喷洒 4 次鼻腔内生理盐水以冲洗可吸入颗粒物模拟粉尘的效果。可吸入颗粒物的去除百分比是通过清洗前后的图像和高精度液体粒子计数器对流出的分析进行量化的。研究结果研究 1 表明,LoS 方法提供了最佳的鼻内盐水沉积。研究 2 和研究 3 表明,使用这种方法鼻内注射生理盐水可有效回收和清除粘液涂层铸模中的 PM 仿真粉尘。结论这些结果支持使用 LoS 给药法进行鼻腔生理盐水清洗的益处,表明应推荐使用这种方法进行鼻腔喷雾,以有效清除可吸入颗粒物。今后有必要进行调查,以探索在各种临床环境中进行鼻腔清洗的益处。鼻腔生理盐水清洗有助于保护和维持正常的鼻腔功能,可能具有帮助减少空气污染对健康影响的长期效果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effectiveness of intranasal saline cleansing methods for removal of particulate matter
Purpose: High concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM, aerodynamic diameter 2.5–10 µm) are associated with increased risks of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. PM can disrupt the nasal epithelial barrier, leading to vulnerability to respiratory disease. Nasal saline washing can help support nasal functioning by removing trapped PM. We aimed to determine which nasal saline administration technique provided the best intranasal saline deposition and to assess the effectiveness of intranasal saline cleansing solutions for removing PM-simulating dust. Methods: We conducted 3 in vitro studies using a nasal cast coated with an artificial mucus. Study 1 evaluated the deposition patterns of 3 nasal sprays administered with different techniques. A lateral image was taken after each administration to quantify the exposure area. Studies 2 and 3, in which PM-simulating dust was added to the nasal cast, evaluated the effectiveness of 4 intranasal saline sprays administered with the line-of-sight (LoS) method (head tilted sideways 45°, spray angle 0° from vertical) for washing away PM-simulating dust. The percentage of PM removed was quantified from pre- and post-washing images and from a high-accuracy liquid particle counter analysis of cast run-out. Results: Study 1 demonstrated that the LoS method provided the best intranasal saline deposition. Studies 2 and 3 showed that intranasal saline administration with this method effectively recovered and removed the PM-simulating dust from the mucus-coated cast. Conclusion: These results support the benefit of nasal saline washing with LoS administration, suggesting that this method should be recommended for nasal spray use to effectively remove PM. Future investigations are warranted to explore the benefits of nasal washing in a variety of clinical settings. Nasal saline cleansing can help preserve and maintain normal nasal functioning, possibly with long-term effects of helping to reduce the impact of air pollution on health.
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