Sydni E Borders, Trent E Schwartz, Thachary R Mayer, K. Gehring, D. Griffin, Christopher R Kerth, K. Belk, L. Edwards-Callaway, J. Scanga, Mahesh N Nair, J. Brad Morgan, Jarrett B Douglas, M. Pfeiffer, G. Mafi, Keayla M Harr, T. Lawrence, T. Tennant, L. Lucherk, T. O’Quinn, Erin S. Beyer, Phil D Bass, Lyda G. Garcia, Benjamin M. Bohrer, J. Pempek, A. Garmyn, R. Maddock, C. Chad Carr, T. Dean Pringle, Tracy L Scheffler, J. Scheffler, A. Stelzleni, John M. Gonzalez, Keith R. Underwood, Bailey N Harsh, Crystal M Waters, J. W. Savell
{"title":"国家牛肉质量审计 - 2022 年:对运输、流动性、活牛和牛皮进行评估,以确定与生产者有关的缺陷,这些缺陷会影响动物福利以及加工设施中市场母牛和公牛的价值。","authors":"Sydni E Borders, Trent E Schwartz, Thachary R Mayer, K. Gehring, D. Griffin, Christopher R Kerth, K. Belk, L. Edwards-Callaway, J. Scanga, Mahesh N Nair, J. Brad Morgan, Jarrett B Douglas, M. Pfeiffer, G. Mafi, Keayla M Harr, T. Lawrence, T. Tennant, L. Lucherk, T. O’Quinn, Erin S. Beyer, Phil D Bass, Lyda G. Garcia, Benjamin M. Bohrer, J. Pempek, A. Garmyn, R. Maddock, C. Chad Carr, T. Dean Pringle, Tracy L Scheffler, J. Scheffler, A. Stelzleni, John M. Gonzalez, Keith R. Underwood, Bailey N Harsh, Crystal M Waters, J. W. Savell","doi":"10.1093/tas/txae033","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n The National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA)-2022 serves as a benchmark of the current market cow and bull sectors of the U.S. beef industry and allows comparison to previous audits as a method of monitoring industry progress. From September 2021 through May 2022, livestock trailers (n = 125), live animals (n = 5,430), and post-slaughter hide-on animals (n = 6,674) were surveyed at 20 commercial beef processing facilities across the U.S. Cattle were transported in a variety of trailer types for an average distance of 490.6 km and a mean transport time of 6.3 h. During transit, cattle averaged 2.3 m2 of trailer space per animal indicating sufficient space was provided according to industry guidelines. Of all trailers surveyed, 55.3% transported cattle from an auction barn to a processing facility. When surveyed, 63.6% of all truck drivers reported to be Beef Quality Assurance certified. The majority (77.0%) of cattle were sound when evaluated for mobility. Mean body condition scores (9-point scale) for beef cows and bulls were 3.8 and 4.4, respectively, whereas mean body condition scores (5-point scale) for dairy cows and bulls were 2.3 and 2.6, respectively. Of cattle surveyed, 45.1% had no visible live animal defects, and 37.9% had only a single defect. Of defects present in cows, 64.6% were attributed to an udder problem. Full udders were observed in 47.5% of all cows. Nearly all cattle were free of visible abscesses and knots (97.9% and 98.2%, respectively). No horns were observed in 89.4% of all cattle surveyed. Beef cattle were predominantly black-hided (68.9% and 67.4% of cows and bulls, respectively). Holstein was the predominant dairy animal observed and accounted for 85.7% of the cows and 98.0% of the bulls. Only 3.1% of all animals had no form of identification. Findings from the NBQA-2022 show improvements within the industry and identified areas that required continued education and research to improve market cow and bull welfare and beef quality.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"National Beef Quality Audit – 2022: Transportation, mobility, live cattle, and hide assessments to determine producer-related defects that affect animal welfare and the value of market cows and bulls at processing facilities\",\"authors\":\"Sydni E Borders, Trent E Schwartz, Thachary R Mayer, K. Gehring, D. Griffin, Christopher R Kerth, K. Belk, L. Edwards-Callaway, J. Scanga, Mahesh N Nair, J. Brad Morgan, Jarrett B Douglas, M. Pfeiffer, G. Mafi, Keayla M Harr, T. Lawrence, T. Tennant, L. Lucherk, T. O’Quinn, Erin S. Beyer, Phil D Bass, Lyda G. Garcia, Benjamin M. Bohrer, J. Pempek, A. Garmyn, R. Maddock, C. Chad Carr, T. Dean Pringle, Tracy L Scheffler, J. Scheffler, A. Stelzleni, John M. Gonzalez, Keith R. Underwood, Bailey N Harsh, Crystal M Waters, J. W. Savell\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/tas/txae033\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\n The National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA)-2022 serves as a benchmark of the current market cow and bull sectors of the U.S. beef industry and allows comparison to previous audits as a method of monitoring industry progress. From September 2021 through May 2022, livestock trailers (n = 125), live animals (n = 5,430), and post-slaughter hide-on animals (n = 6,674) were surveyed at 20 commercial beef processing facilities across the U.S. Cattle were transported in a variety of trailer types for an average distance of 490.6 km and a mean transport time of 6.3 h. During transit, cattle averaged 2.3 m2 of trailer space per animal indicating sufficient space was provided according to industry guidelines. Of all trailers surveyed, 55.3% transported cattle from an auction barn to a processing facility. When surveyed, 63.6% of all truck drivers reported to be Beef Quality Assurance certified. The majority (77.0%) of cattle were sound when evaluated for mobility. Mean body condition scores (9-point scale) for beef cows and bulls were 3.8 and 4.4, respectively, whereas mean body condition scores (5-point scale) for dairy cows and bulls were 2.3 and 2.6, respectively. Of cattle surveyed, 45.1% had no visible live animal defects, and 37.9% had only a single defect. Of defects present in cows, 64.6% were attributed to an udder problem. Full udders were observed in 47.5% of all cows. Nearly all cattle were free of visible abscesses and knots (97.9% and 98.2%, respectively). No horns were observed in 89.4% of all cattle surveyed. Beef cattle were predominantly black-hided (68.9% and 67.4% of cows and bulls, respectively). Holstein was the predominant dairy animal observed and accounted for 85.7% of the cows and 98.0% of the bulls. Only 3.1% of all animals had no form of identification. Findings from the NBQA-2022 show improvements within the industry and identified areas that required continued education and research to improve market cow and bull welfare and beef quality.\",\"PeriodicalId\":1,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Accounts of Chemical Research\",\"volume\":\"62 3\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":16.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Accounts of Chemical Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txae033\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txae033","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
National Beef Quality Audit – 2022: Transportation, mobility, live cattle, and hide assessments to determine producer-related defects that affect animal welfare and the value of market cows and bulls at processing facilities
The National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA)-2022 serves as a benchmark of the current market cow and bull sectors of the U.S. beef industry and allows comparison to previous audits as a method of monitoring industry progress. From September 2021 through May 2022, livestock trailers (n = 125), live animals (n = 5,430), and post-slaughter hide-on animals (n = 6,674) were surveyed at 20 commercial beef processing facilities across the U.S. Cattle were transported in a variety of trailer types for an average distance of 490.6 km and a mean transport time of 6.3 h. During transit, cattle averaged 2.3 m2 of trailer space per animal indicating sufficient space was provided according to industry guidelines. Of all trailers surveyed, 55.3% transported cattle from an auction barn to a processing facility. When surveyed, 63.6% of all truck drivers reported to be Beef Quality Assurance certified. The majority (77.0%) of cattle were sound when evaluated for mobility. Mean body condition scores (9-point scale) for beef cows and bulls were 3.8 and 4.4, respectively, whereas mean body condition scores (5-point scale) for dairy cows and bulls were 2.3 and 2.6, respectively. Of cattle surveyed, 45.1% had no visible live animal defects, and 37.9% had only a single defect. Of defects present in cows, 64.6% were attributed to an udder problem. Full udders were observed in 47.5% of all cows. Nearly all cattle were free of visible abscesses and knots (97.9% and 98.2%, respectively). No horns were observed in 89.4% of all cattle surveyed. Beef cattle were predominantly black-hided (68.9% and 67.4% of cows and bulls, respectively). Holstein was the predominant dairy animal observed and accounted for 85.7% of the cows and 98.0% of the bulls. Only 3.1% of all animals had no form of identification. Findings from the NBQA-2022 show improvements within the industry and identified areas that required continued education and research to improve market cow and bull welfare and beef quality.
期刊介绍:
Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.