尼日利亚药用植物 Trichilia heudelotii (Meliaceae) Planch 的提取物具有抗菌和抗真菌活性

Adeniyi, B. A., Adagbasa, O. O., Idowu, P. A., Igbokwe, C. O., Moody, J. O., Aiyelaagbe, O. O.
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摘要

为应对微生物病原体的抗药性威胁,对新型植物治疗剂的需求怎么强调都不为过。迄今为止,许多植物物种已经产生了一些生物活性化合物,有望成为此类药物。Trichilia heudelotii(楝科)在尼日利亚的传统医学中常用于治疗从胃肠道感染到淋病等多种微生物感染。因此,本研究旨在确定 T. heudeloti 中的植物化学成分,并评估该植物提取物对一些细菌和真菌分离物的抗菌活性。植物化学筛选采用标准程序进行。 正己烷和甲醇索氏提取物在真空中干燥。将甲醇提取物分成石油醚、氯仿和水馏分。采用琼脂-孔扩散法测定提取物的抗菌和抗真菌活性。琼脂稀释法测定了提取物的 MICs。植物化学定性筛选显示,T. heudelotii 的叶、茎皮和根皮中含有鞣质、皂苷、生物碱、贲门内酯和蒽醌类化合物。金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、淋病奈瑟菌、烟曲霉、白色念珠菌、黑曲霉、匍匐根霉、青霉菌属、犬小孢子菌和门冬癣菌。提取物显示的抑制区平均直径介于 10mm+ 0.5 和 32+ 0.33mm 之间。甲醇提取物与庆大霉素(标准对照)相比效果更佳。最低抑菌浓度(MIC)介于 0.157mg/mL 和 20mg/mL 之间。在所有提取物中,粗甲醇提取物和甲醇残留物的活性最高,而正己烷提取物的活性最低,石油醚馏分没有活性。这些结果表明,T. heudelotii 有可能成为生物活性化合物的候选化合物,用于发现和开发治疗由测试病原体引起的疾病的新药。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Extracts of Trichilia heudelotii (Meliaceae) Planch, a Nigerian Medicinal Plant have Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity
There is no overemphasizing the need for novel phytotherapeutic agents to combat the menace of drug resistance in microbial pathogens. Many plant species so far, have yielded some bioactive compounds with great promise for such drugs. Trichilia heudelotii (Meliaceae) is commonly used in traditional medicine in Nigeria for the treatment of many microbial infections ranging from gastrointestinal infections to gonorrhea. This study is thus designed to determine the phytochemicals present in T. heudeloti and evaluate the plant’s extracts' antimicrobial activity on some bacterial and fungal isolates. The phytochemical screening was done using standard procedures.  Soxhlet extracts using n-hexane and methanol were drying in vacuo. The methanol extract was partitioned into petroleum ether, chloroform, and aqueous fractions. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the extracts determined using the agar-well diffusion method. The MICs were determined for the extracts using the agar dilution method. The qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, cardenolides, and anthraquinones in the leaf, stem bark, and root bark of T. heudelotii. The extracts showed considerable activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, and fungi with dermatophytes including Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer, Penicillium spp, Microsporium canis, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The mean diameter of zones of inhibition exhibited by the extracts ranged between 10mm+ 0.5 and 32+ 0.33mm. The methanol extracts compared favourably with the gentamycin (standard control). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged between 0.157mg/mL and 20mg/mL. The crude methanol extracts and methanol residue showed the highest activity of all the extracts while the hexane extract showed the lowest activity and the Petroleum ether fraction was inactive. These results showed the potential of T. heudelotii as a possible candidate for bioactive compounds for the discovery and development of new drugs for the treatment of diseases caused by test pathogens.
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