萨赫勒地区的干旱预测行动:是干旱风险管理的创新还是一句空话?

IF 4.3 3区 材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
Luca Sergio Italo Parodi, Markus Enenkel, Niccolò Lombardi, Joshua Ngaina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

预期行动是一种将预警信息与灵活、预先到位的资金相结合的方法,以启动行动,减轻可预测的冲击对最脆弱人群的影响。从历史上看,干旱是导致萨赫勒地区人道主义影响最大、最严重的气候灾害。根据气候预测,该地区在未来几年将成为受气候变化影响最严重的地区之一,导致社会、经济发生巨大变化,并影响农村社区。虽然这一负面预测可能会导致人道主义后果进一步加剧,但最近将干旱预测行动纳入人道主义实践的经验却带来了积极的前景。本文将回顾萨赫勒地区干旱预测行动的现有经验,并阐明这种方法是否为当地灾害风险管理带来了创新。通过回顾布基纳法索、乍得和尼日尔最近采取的举措,本文强调了在预测行动和灾害风险管理的关键组成部分方面取得的主要进展以及存在的差距和挑战,即:(1) 数据、风险分析和预警;(2) 资金;(3) 备灾和社区参与;(4) 学习、协调和伙伴关系;(5) 政策和制度框架。即使在萨赫勒这样充满挑战的环境中,干旱预测行动也可以成为标准灾害风险管理和筹资战略的组成部分。然而,这一过程需要更有力的证据来证明预测性行动方法的哪些要素会带来预期的结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Anticipatory action for drought in the Sahel: an innovation for drought risk management or a buzzword?
Anticipatory action is an approach that combines early warning information with flexible, pre-positioned funds to trigger actions that mitigate the impact of predictable shocks on the most vulnerable people. Historically, drought is the climatic hazard that led to the highest and most severe humanitarian impacts in the Sahel. This region, according to climate projections, will be one of the most deeply affected by climate change in future years, leading to considerable changes to societies, economies, as well as impacting rural communities. While this negative projection may lead to further increases in humanitarian consequences, recent experiences from integrating anticipatory action for drought into humanitarian practice hold positive prospects. This article will review current experiences on anticipatory action for drought in the Sahel and shed light on whether this approach has brought innovation in local disaster risk management. Through the review of recent initiatives in Burkina Faso, Chad and Niger, this paper highlights key advancements as well as gaps and challenges pertaining to key components of anticipatory action and disaster risk management, namely: (1) data, risk analysis and early warning; (2) funding; (3) preparedness and community engagement; (4) learning, coordination and partnership; (5) policies and institutional frameworks. Even in challenging environments like in the Sahel, anticipatory action for drought can become an integral component of standard disaster risk management and financing strategies. However, this process will require more robust evidence about which ingredients of anticipatory action approaches lead to the desired result.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
4.30%
发文量
567
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Electronic Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of electronic materials. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials science, engineering, optics, physics, and chemistry into important applications of electronic materials. Sample research topics that span the journal's scope are inorganic, organic, ionic and polymeric materials with properties that include conducting, semiconducting, superconducting, insulating, dielectric, magnetic, optoelectronic, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and thermoelectric. Indexed/​Abstracted: Web of Science SCIE Scopus CAS INSPEC Portico
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