丁酰胆碱酯酶的新意义

G. Sridhar, Lakshmi Gumpeny
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引用次数: 0

摘要

丁酰胆碱酯酶(BCHE;EC 3.1.1.8)是一种在结构上与乙酰胆碱酯酶相关的酶,广泛分布于人体内。它在琥珀胆碱等化学物质的解毒过程中发挥作用,琥珀胆碱是一种用于麻醉的肌肉松弛剂。BChE 之所以为人熟知,是因为在一些内源性群落中存在着水解活性极低或没有水解活性的变异酶,它们会导致在使用琥珀胆碱后出现长时间的呼吸暂停。乙酰胆碱酯酶的其他功能还包括,当其主要水解酶--乙酰胆碱酯酶--缺失时,能水解乙酰胆碱(大脑中的胆碱能神经递质)。为了评估乙酰胆碱酯酶的潜在作用,我们研究了乙酰胆碱酯酶与胰岛素抵抗、2 型糖尿病、认知能力、肝功能紊乱、心脑血管疾病和炎症的关系。缺乏 BChE 酶活性的人在服用被这种酶水解的药物之前,身体都是健康的。因此,BChE 是研究人类功能缺失突变的候选对象。通过研究 BChE 变异形式的个体,可以深入了解他们是否受到保护,不会患上代谢性疾病。此外,还可以评估该酶作为阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的潜在作用以及对药物治疗的反应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Emerging significance of butyrylcholinesterase
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; EC 3.1.1.8), an enzyme structurally related to acetylcholinesterase, is widely distributed in the human body. It plays a role in the detoxification of chemicals such as succinylcholine, a muscle relaxant used in anesthetic practice. BChE is well-known due to variant forms of the enzyme with little or no hydrolytic activity which exist in some endogamous communities and result in prolonged apnea following the administration of succinylcholine. Its other functions include the ability to hydrolyze acetylcholine, the cholinergic neurotransmitter in the brain, when its primary hydrolytic enzyme, acetylcholinesterase, is absent. To assess its potential roles, BChE was studied in relation to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognition, hepatic disorders, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Individuals who lack the enzyme activity of BChE are otherwise healthy, until they are given drugs hydrolyzed by this enzyme. Therefore, BChE is a candidate for the study of loss-of-function mutations in humans. Studying individuals with variant forms of BChE can provide insights into whether they are protected against metabolic diseases. The potential utility of the enzyme as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease and the response to its drug treatment can also be assessed.
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CiteScore
1.70
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