将不发达国家妇女的洗衣工作从肌肉骨骼疾病风险转变为可持续的干预措施:整体方法设计

IF 2.2 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING
Banu Ç. Avcıoğlu, Hüdayim Başak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在世界各地缺乏足够能源和水的贫困地区,一半以上的人口没有洗衣机。由于缺乏资源和经济原因,需要电能的现代洗衣机的机械工作只能通过手洗来完成。此外,由于贫困地区的社会文化动态,取水和洗衣工作主要由妇女承担。长时间的重复清洗动作,再加上笨拙的身体姿势,往往会导致妇女患上肌肉骨骼疾病。本研究旨在通过洗衣产品设计,改善妇女的工作安全和生活条件。首先,为了更好地了解干预措施的影响,我们评估了妇女在地板上洗衣服时的身体姿势所带来的人体工学风险,并为此采用了快速上肢评估(RULA)方法。随后,作为一项补救干预措施,启动了手动洗衣产品的设计过程,该产品无需电力即可操作,可处理大量衣物,并有助于更轻松、更符合人体工程学的工作,而不是直接搓洗衣物。由于认识到洗衣工作是妇女生活中的一种多层面体验,而不仅仅是人体工程学方面的体验,因此采用了一种整体设计方法,将各种设计方法结合起来,创造出能更好地与妇女用户的生活相结合的概念。然后,将从这些设计方法中获得的启示与概念设计方法相结合,生成设计提案。研究结束时,与手洗相比,所开发的手动洗衣机设计在 RULA 分析评分和生物力学负载结果方面都有了改进。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Converting laundry work of women in underdeveloped countries from risk of musculoskeletal disorders to a sustainable intervention: A design with holistic approach

More than half of the population in impoverished areas around the world, which lack sufficient energy and water, do not have washing machines. Due to a lack of resources and economic reasons, the mechanical task of modern washing machines requiring electrical energy can only be done through hand washing. Additionally, water fetching and laundry work are predominately assigned to women due to socio-cultural dynamics in disadvantaged areas. The repetitive motions involved in washing over extended periods of time, coupled with awkward body positions, often lead to musculoskeletal disorders in women. This study aims to improve women's work safety and living conditions through a product design for laundry washing. First, the ergonomic risk associated with women's body postures while washing clothes on the floor was evaluated to better understand the impact of the intervention and rapid upper extremity assessment (RULA) method was used for this purpose. Subsequently, the design process for a manual washing product, which operates without electricity, can handle bulk laundry and facilitates easier and more ergonomic work instead of directly scrubbing clothes, was initiated as a remedial intervention. Recognizing that laundry work is a multidimensional experience in women's lives beyond its ergonomic aspects, a holistic design methodology was adopted, incorporating various design approaches to create concepts that better integrate with the lives of woman users. Insights gained from these design approaches were then combined with the conceptual design method to generate design proposals. At the end of the study, the developed manual washing machine design performed improved RULA analysis scores and biomechanical loading outcomes compared to hand washing.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.30%
发文量
37
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: The purpose of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries is to facilitate discovery, integration, and application of scientific knowledge about human aspects of manufacturing, and to provide a forum for worldwide dissemination of such knowledge for its application and benefit to manufacturing industries. The journal covers a broad spectrum of ergonomics and human factors issues with a focus on the design, operation and management of contemporary manufacturing systems, both in the shop floor and office environments, in the quest for manufacturing agility, i.e. enhancement and integration of human skills with hardware performance for improved market competitiveness, management of change, product and process quality, and human-system reliability. The inter- and cross-disciplinary nature of the journal allows for a wide scope of issues relevant to manufacturing system design and engineering, human resource management, social, organizational, safety, and health issues. Examples of specific subject areas of interest include: implementation of advanced manufacturing technology, human aspects of computer-aided design and engineering, work design, compensation and appraisal, selection training and education, labor-management relations, agile manufacturing and virtual companies, human factors in total quality management, prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, ergonomics of workplace, equipment and tool design, ergonomics programs, guides and standards for industry, automation safety and robot systems, human skills development and knowledge enhancing technologies, reliability, and safety and worker health issues.
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