[肥胖症的饮食管理]。

Sang Hoon Lee, San Ha Kim, Sung Chul Park
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肥胖症是指脂肪细胞异常堆积,导致体重增加的一种病症。在全球范围内,肥胖症呈上升趋势,导致心血管疾病、2 型糖尿病和高脂血症等慢性疾病的发病率增加。肥胖症是遗传、代谢、社会、行为和文化因素相互作用的结果,需要采取跨学科和多模式的管理方法。饮食疗法包括饮食调整和营养干预,是肥胖症多方面管理方法的基本组成部分。饮食疗法的原则是通过能量负平衡达到减轻体重的目的,并通过能量摄入和消耗的平衡保持体重。减肥和控制体重的策略依赖于热量限制、宏量营养素分配和饮食模式,如地中海饮食法和膳食法(DASH)。最近,还开展了利用基于信息和通信技术的干预措施以及基于肠道微生物的干预措施来控制体重的研究,这些措施考虑到了个体间的差异性和长期坚持的问题。总之,饮食疗法是控制肥胖症的关键因素,为控制体重提供了一种个性化的综合方法。通过将循证膳食策略与行为调整和持续支持相结合,医护人员可以帮助个人达到并维持更健康的体重,从而降低相关的健康风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Dietary Management of Obesity].

Obesity is defined as a condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of fat cells, which results in increased body weight. Worldwide, obesity is progressively on the rise, leading to an increased prevalence of chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Obesity is a result of the interplay between genetic, metabolic, social, behavioral, and cultural factors, necessitating an interdisciplinary and multimodal management approach. Diet therapy, which includes dietary modifications and nutritional interventions, is a fundamental component of the multifaceted approach to managing obesity. The principle of diet therapy is based on achieving weight loss through a negative energy balance and maintaining weight through an equilibrium of energy intake and expenditure. Strategies for weight loss and control rely on caloric restriction, macronutrient distribution, and dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets. Recently, studies have been conducted on weight control using information and communication technology-based interventions, as well as interventions based on intestinal microorganisms which consider inter-individual variability and long-term adherence. In conclusion, diet therapy stands as a pivotal element in the management of obesity, providing a personalized and comprehensive approach to weight control. By combining evidence-based dietary strategies with behavioral modifications and consistent support, healthcare professionals can enable individuals to attain and sustain a healthier weight, thereby reducing related health risks.

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