Jessica Eisenbarth DVM, DACVECC, Charles O. Cummings DVM, Elizabeth A. Rozanski DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC, Emily Karlin DVM, DACVIM, John Rush DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC
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Rozanski DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC, Emily Karlin DVM, DACVIM, John Rush DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13369","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>To determine in adult chickens which of 3 CPR techniques, sternal compressions (SC), SC with interposed caudal coelomic compressions (ICCC), or lateral compressions (LC), results in the highest mean systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) as measured directly from the carotid artery.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Design</h3>\n \n <p>Prospective, nonblinded, experimental crossover study.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Setting</h3>\n \n <p>University teaching hospital laboratory.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Animals</h3>\n \n <p>Ten retired laying hens.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Interventions</h3>\n \n <p>Birds were sedated, anesthetized, and placed in dorsal recumbency. A carotid artery catheter was placed to directly measure arterial pressure. Ventricular fibrillation was induced with direct cardiac stimulation using a 9-Volt battery. Each bird then received 2 minutes of the 3 different cardiac compression techniques in a random order by 3 different compressors, with the compressor order also randomized. Birds were subsequently administered IV epinephrine, and transthoracic defibrillation was attempted. At the end of experimentation, each bird was euthanized, and simple gross necropsies were performed. Linear mixed models followed by pairwise paired <i>t</i>-tests were performed to evaluate differences in pressures generated by each technique.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\n \n <p>The primary study outcomes were SAP, DAP, and MAP over 2 minutes of compressions for each compression technique. Pressures from ICCC (SAP: 27.6 ± 5.3 mm Hg, DAP: 18.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg, MAP: 21.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg) were significantly higher than those from LC (SAP: 18.9 ± 5.4 mm Hg, DAP: 11.6 ± 4.1 mm Hg, MAP: 14.1 ± 4.5 mm Hg). Pressures from SC (SAP: 24.5 ± 6.4 mm Hg, DAP: 15.2 ± 4.3 mm Hg, MAP: 18.3 ± 5.0 mm Hg) were not significantly different from ICCC or LC.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>External compressions can generate detectable increases in arterial pressure in chickens with ventricular fibrillation. SC with ICCC generated significantly higher arterial pressures than LC. SC alone generated blood pressures that were not significantly different from those generated by SC with ICCC or LC.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 2","pages":"135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A proof-of-concept study evaluating cardiac compression techniques for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in laying hens (Gallus gallus)\",\"authors\":\"Jessica Eisenbarth DVM, DACVECC, Charles O. Cummings DVM, Elizabeth A. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的确定在成年鸡的 3 种心肺复苏技术中，胸骨按压 (SC)、胸骨按压加尾椎腔按压 (ICCC) 或侧向按压 (LC) 可使直接从颈动脉测量的平均收缩压 (SAP)、舒张压 (DAP) 和平均动脉压 (MAP) 达到最高值：设计：前瞻性、非盲法、实验性交叉研究：动物：10 只退役蛋鸡十只退役蛋鸡：干预措施：对鸡进行镇静、麻醉和背卧位。放置颈动脉导管以直接测量动脉压。使用 9 伏电池直接刺激心脏诱发室颤。然后，每只鸟按随机顺序接受 3 种不同的心脏按压技术治疗 2 分钟，3 种不同的按压器的顺序也是随机的。随后对鸟类进行肾上腺素静脉注射，并尝试经胸除颤。实验结束后，对每只鸟实施安乐死，并进行简单的大体尸体解剖。通过线性混合模型和配对 t 检验来评估每种技术产生的压力差异：主要研究结果为每种按压技术按压 2 分钟后的 SAP、DAP 和 MAP。ICCC 的压力（SAP：27.6 ± 5.3 mm Hg；DAP：18.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg；MAP：21.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg）明显高于 LC 的压力（SAP：18.9 ± 5.4 mm Hg；DAP：11.6 ± 4.1 mm Hg；MAP：14.1 ± 4.5 mm Hg）。SC的压力（SAP：24.5 ± 6.4 mm Hg；DAP：15.2 ± 4.3 mm Hg；MAP：18.3 ± 5.0 mm Hg）与ICCC或LC无显著差异：结论：体外按压可使心室颤动患儿的动脉压明显升高。SC与 ICCC 产生的动脉压明显高于 LC。单独体外按压产生的血压与体外按压加 ICCC 或 LC 产生的血压没有显著差异。
A proof-of-concept study evaluating cardiac compression techniques for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in laying hens (Gallus gallus)
Objective
To determine in adult chickens which of 3 CPR techniques, sternal compressions (SC), SC with interposed caudal coelomic compressions (ICCC), or lateral compressions (LC), results in the highest mean systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) as measured directly from the carotid artery.
Birds were sedated, anesthetized, and placed in dorsal recumbency. A carotid artery catheter was placed to directly measure arterial pressure. Ventricular fibrillation was induced with direct cardiac stimulation using a 9-Volt battery. Each bird then received 2 minutes of the 3 different cardiac compression techniques in a random order by 3 different compressors, with the compressor order also randomized. Birds were subsequently administered IV epinephrine, and transthoracic defibrillation was attempted. At the end of experimentation, each bird was euthanized, and simple gross necropsies were performed. Linear mixed models followed by pairwise paired t-tests were performed to evaluate differences in pressures generated by each technique.
Measurements and Main Results
The primary study outcomes were SAP, DAP, and MAP over 2 minutes of compressions for each compression technique. Pressures from ICCC (SAP: 27.6 ± 5.3 mm Hg, DAP: 18.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg, MAP: 21.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg) were significantly higher than those from LC (SAP: 18.9 ± 5.4 mm Hg, DAP: 11.6 ± 4.1 mm Hg, MAP: 14.1 ± 4.5 mm Hg). Pressures from SC (SAP: 24.5 ± 6.4 mm Hg, DAP: 15.2 ± 4.3 mm Hg, MAP: 18.3 ± 5.0 mm Hg) were not significantly different from ICCC or LC.
Conclusions
External compressions can generate detectable increases in arterial pressure in chickens with ventricular fibrillation. SC with ICCC generated significantly higher arterial pressures than LC. SC alone generated blood pressures that were not significantly different from those generated by SC with ICCC or LC.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care’s primary aim is to advance the international clinical standard of care for emergency/critical care patients of all species. The journal’s content is relevant to specialist and non-specialist veterinarians practicing emergency/critical care medicine. The journal achieves it aims by publishing descriptions of unique presentation or management; retrospective and prospective evaluations of prognosis, novel diagnosis, or therapy; translational basic science studies with clinical relevance; in depth reviews of pertinent topics; topical news and letters; and regular themed issues.
The journal is the official publication of the Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society, the American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, the European Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society, and the European College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care. It is a bimonthly publication with international impact and adheres to currently accepted ethical standards.
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