Jonas De Saeger, Emma Coulembier Vandelannoote, Hojun Lee, Jihae Park, Jonas Blomme
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引用次数: 0
摘要
这篇微型综述探讨了大型藻类基因组编辑的现状和挑战。尽管这组生物具有重要的生态和经济意义,但基因组编辑的应用却很有限。虽然 CRISPR 功能已在两种棕色海藻(Ectocarpus species 7 和 Saccharina japonica)和一种绿色海藻(Ulva prolifera)中得到证实,但这些研究仅限于概念验证示范。由于编辑效率相对较低,所有研究还(共同)以腺嘌呤磷酸酯转移酶为靶标,以富集突变体。为推动这一领域的发展,应重点推进辅助技术,特别是稳定转化技术,以便筛选出新的编辑试剂,确定其效率。还需要做更多的工作来了解这些生物的 DNA 修复,因为这与编辑结果密切相关。为大型藻类开发高效的基因组编辑工具,将开启描述其基因特征的能力,而这在很大程度上还是未知领域。此外,鉴于大型藻类在经济上的重要性,基因组编辑还将影响育种活动,从而开发出产量更高、能产生更多有商业价值的化合物并能更好地抵御全球变化影响的品系。
Genome editing in macroalgae: advances and challenges.
This minireview examines the current state and challenges of genome editing in macroalgae. Despite the ecological and economic significance of this group of organisms, genome editing has seen limited applications. While CRISPR functionality has been established in two brown (Ectocarpus species 7 and Saccharina japonica) and one green seaweed (Ulva prolifera), these studies are limited to proof-of-concept demonstrations. All studies also (co)-targeted ADENINE PHOSPHORIBOSYL TRANSFERASE to enrich for mutants, due to the relatively low editing efficiencies. To advance the field, there should be a focus on advancing auxiliary technologies, particularly stable transformation, so that novel editing reagents can be screened for their efficiency. More work is also needed on understanding DNA repair in these organisms, as this is tightly linked with the editing outcomes. Developing efficient genome editing tools for macroalgae will unlock the ability to characterize their genes, which is largely uncharted terrain. Moreover, given their economic importance, genome editing will also impact breeding campaigns to develop strains that have better yields, produce more commercially valuable compounds, and show improved resilience to the impacts of global change.