数字存在:社交媒体与预测思维。

IF 3.1 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, BIOLOGICAL
Neuroscience of Consciousness Pub Date : 2024-03-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/nc/niae008
Ben White, Andy Clark, Mark Miller
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引用次数: 0

摘要

如今,社交媒体与一系列心理健康问题都有牵连。尽管对社交媒体的担忧已成为主流,但人们对这些研究中发现的相关性背后的具体认知机制知之甚少,也不知道为什么当事情明显开始恶化时,我们很难停止与这些平台的接触。然而,计算神经科学的新进展有望揭示这一问题。在本文中,我们将从主动推理框架的角度来探讨社交媒体成瘾现象。根据这一框架,像我们这样的预测代理会使用世界的 "生成模型 "来预测我们自己接收到的感官数据,并采取行动尽量减少预测与接收到的信号之间的差异(预测误差)。要想生活得好,并能采取有效行动将预测误差降到最低,像我们这样的代理拥有一个生成模型至关重要,这个模型不仅能准确反映复杂环境的规律性,还具有灵活性和动态性,能够在动荡不安的环境中保持准确性。在本文中,我们提出一些社交媒体平台能有效地扭曲代理的生成模型,阻止模型灵活跟踪和适应环境变化的能力。我们接着研究了没有这些不利影响的数字技术案例,并基于主动推理框架提出了一些方法来理解为什么某些形式的数字技术会带来这些风险,而另一些则不会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Digital Being: social media and the predictive mind.

Social media is implicated today in an array of mental health concerns. While concerns around social media have become mainstream, little is known about the specific cognitive mechanisms underlying the correlations seen in these studies or why we find it so hard to stop engaging with these platforms when things obviously begin to deteriorate for us. New advances in computational neuroscience, however, are now poised to shed light on this matter. In this paper, we approach the phenomenon of social media addiction through the lens of the active inference framework. According to this framework, predictive agents like us use a 'generative model' of the world to predict our own incoming sense data and act to minimize any discrepancy between the prediction and incoming signal (prediction error). In order to live well and be able to act effectively to minimize prediction error, it is vital that agents like us have a generative model, which not only accurately reflects the regularities of our complex environment but is also flexible and dynamic and able to stay accurate in volatile and turbulent circumstances. In this paper, we propose that some social media platforms are a spectacularly effective way of warping an agent's generative model and of arresting the model's ability to flexibly track and adapt to changes in the environment. We go on to investigate cases of digital tech, which do not have these adverse effects and suggest-based on the active inference framework-some ways to understand why some forms of digital technology pose these risks, while others do not.

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来源期刊
Neuroscience of Consciousness
Neuroscience of Consciousness Psychology-Clinical Psychology
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
2.40%
发文量
16
审稿时长
19 weeks
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