Physical activity during a treatment for substance use disorder: A qualitative study

Background

Individuals with substance use disorder face a higher mortality rate, attributed in part to the presence of chronic physical conditions. Physical activity emerges as a promising solution, as it could impact on physical conditions as well as on the symptoms of substance use disorder itself. Although there is promising evidence, studies are still needed to fully understand the mechanisms, as well as their acceptability in real life. In order to address these issues, we need to include the perceptions of people who participate in these programs to determine the clinical importance and feasibility of physical activity.

Objective

To understand the physical activity perception of people undergoing treatment for substance use disorder.

Methods

Thirteen people (69% men; 33.4 ± 8.3 years old) were interviewed after experiencing a physical activity intervention during their treatment.

Results

Following the content analysis, three predominant themes emerged: physical activity was (1) a way to take care of themselves, through the perceived improvement of health; (2) used as a protective mechanism against relapse, through the occupation time, behavior replacement and the creation of a healthy network; (3) served as a facilitator of treatment retention because participant developed social support.

Conclusion

Physical activity during treatment could improve the therapeutic process for people with substance use disorders, as well as helping to develop healthy lifestyle habits and reinforce confidence in coping with future relapses.