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引用次数: 0
摘要
神经发生在神经发育障碍（NDDs）中的作用备受关注。干细胞产生子细胞进而分化成神经元、迁移到不同距离并形成突触连接，然后通过神经元活动或经验加以完善的复杂过程是神经系统发育不可或缺的组成部分。鉴于哺乳动物的嗅觉系统在出生后持续发生神经发生，它为了解神经发生不同阶段的中断如何导致各种 NDD 的病理生理学提供了一个理想的模型。本综述总结并讨论了目前有关嗅觉系统内神经发生紊乱的已知信息，因为它与注意力缺陷/多动障碍、自闭症谱系障碍、唐氏综合症、脆性 X 综合症和雷特综合症有关。本综述中的研究使用了人类受试者、小鼠模型或果蝇模型，为利用嗅觉系统继续研究 NDDs 奠定了令人信服的基础。
Deficits in olfactory system neurogenesis in neurodevelopmental disorders
The role of neurogenesis in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) merits much attention. The complex process by which stem cells produce daughter cells that in turn differentiate into neurons, migrate various distances, and form synaptic connections that are then refined by neuronal activity or experience is integral to the development of the nervous system. Given the continued postnatal neurogenesis that occurs in the mammalian olfactory system, it provides an ideal model for understanding how disruptions in distinct stages of neurogenesis contribute to the pathophysiology of various NDDs. This review summarizes and discusses what is currently known about the disruption of neurogenesis within the olfactory system as it pertains to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, and Rett syndrome. Studies included in this review used either human subjects, mouse models, or Drosophila models, and lay a compelling foundation for continued investigation of NDDs by utilizing the olfactory system.
期刊介绍：
As of January 2000, Developmental Genetics was renamed and relaunched as genesis: The Journal of Genetics and Development, with a new scope and Editorial Board. The journal focuses on work that addresses the genetics of development and the fundamental mechanisms of embryological processes in animals and plants. With increased awareness of the interplay between genetics and evolutionary change, particularly during developmental processes, we encourage submission of manuscripts from all ecological niches. The expanded numbers of genomes for which sequencing is being completed will facilitate genetic and genomic examination of developmental issues, even if the model system does not fit the “classical genetic” mold. Therefore, we encourage submission of manuscripts from all species. Other areas of particular interest include: 1) the roles of epigenetics, microRNAs and environment on developmental processes; 2) genome-wide studies; 3) novel imaging techniques for the study of gene expression and cellular function; 4) comparative genetics and genomics and 5) animal models of human genetic and developmental disorders.
genesis presents reviews, full research articles, short research letters, and state-of-the-art technology reports that promote an understanding of the function of genes and the roles they play in complex developmental processes.
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