Convective flow of a magnetohydrodynamic second-grade fluid past a stretching surface with Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass flux model

This research delves into dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic second-grade fluid flow influenced by the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms on a stretching sheet. The study takes into account various factors such as thermal radiation, chemical reactivity, and activation energy, all of which contribute to the complex behavior of fluid flow in this system. The interaction between the magnetic field and the fluid, combined with the biological aspect introduced by gyrotactic microorganisms, adds complexity to the overall analysis. The mathematical model is presented in the form of partial differential equations (PDE)s. Using the similarity variables, the modeled PDEs are transformed into ordinary differential equations. Homotopy analysis method is used for the solution of the modeled equations. After a detailed insight into this investigation, it is established that the velocity distribution declined for growth in magnetic factor and second-grade fluid parameter. The thermal characteristics are augmented for the greater values of radiation, thermophoretic and Brownian motion factors, while these profiles are weakened for upsurge in thermal relaxation time factor and Prandtl number. The concentration characteristics declined with the enhancement in Schmidt number, mass relaxation time, chemical reaction, and Brownian motion factors, while they amplified with enhancement in activation energy and thermophoresis factors. The microorganisms’ profiles are the declining functions of bioconvection Lewis and Peclet numbers. This study included a comparative analysis, which aligns closely with existing research, demonstrating a strong concordance with established findings.