黑嘴罗非鱼的盐度胁迫

IF 1.9 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
N'Golo Ouattara, Georgina A. Rivera-Ingraham, Jehan-Hervé Lignot
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究了在淡水、海水和高盐度条件下饲养黑嘴罗非鱼从鱼体到鳃细胞的生理和形态适应能力。研究考虑了鱼类的渗透调节能力、鳃离子细胞形态、渗透呼吸损害、氧气消耗率、支气管抗氧化防御和细胞凋亡。人工饲养的罗非鱼幼鱼在受控淡水条件下(FW:0.4 ppt; 12 mOsm kg-1)或逐渐转移到海水(SW:32 ppt; 958 mOsm kg-1)和浓缩海水(cSW:65 ppt; 1920 mOsm kg-1)中。在这些条件下饲养 15 天后,测定血液渗透压和氯离子浓度。使用免疫标记组织切片测量鳃离子细胞密度和形态,以特异性检测钠泵(NKA)。此外,还计算了鳃的渗透-呼吸损害,以及从正常缺氧到缺氧条件下切除鳃的耗氧量(间接呼吸测定法)。最后,记录了鳃提取物中过氧化氢酶和 Caspase 3/7 的活性。结果表明,盐度升高会引起渗透失衡,并导致离子细胞增殖和肥大,从而引起形态学上的深刻变化。在常氧和缺氧条件下,鳃层间细胞团的增厚和薄片的缩短导致渗透呼吸比降低,呼吸能力下降。虽然盐度变化不会影响主要的抗氧化防御机制之一,但它会强烈影响细胞凋亡,而细胞凋亡在西南大西洋中似乎最为严重。然而,在淡水条件下,鱼类可以维持其渗透平衡,离子细胞密度低,凋亡水平低,在常氧条件下氧气消耗量急剧下降,而在缺氧条件下仍能维持。因此,S. melanotheron 在从淡水到海水的环境盐度变化中表现出典型的功能重塑。然而,海水升高会对细胞造成很大的压力,导致鳃的形态功能严重失调。虽然细胞凋亡减少,但在常氧和缺氧条件下,离子细胞增殖大量增加,渗透调节受损,氧气消耗减少。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Salinity stress in the black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron

Salinity stress in the black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron

Physiological and morphological acclimation capacities of black-chinned tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron were studied from fish to gill cell level when fish are maintained in freshwater, seawater, and hypersaline conditions. Fish osmoregulatory capacity, gill ionocyte morphology, osmo-respiratory compromise, O2 consumption rate, branchial antioxidative defense, and cell apoptosis were considered. Captive juvenile tilapias were maintained in controlled freshwater conditions (FW: 0.4 ppt; 12 mOsm kg−1) or gradually transferred to seawater (SW: 32 ppt; 958 mOsm kg−1) and concentrated SW (cSW: 65 ppt; 1920 mOsm kg−1). After 15 days in these conditions, blood osmolality and chloride ion concentration were determined. Gill ionocyte density and morphology were measured using immunolabelled histological sections to specifically detect the sodium pump (NKA). Gill osmo-respiratory compromise was also calculated along with oxygen consumption rates from normoxic to hypoxic conditions from excised gills (indirect respirometry). Finally, catalase and caspase 3/7activities were recorded from gill extracts. Results indicate that elevated salinity induces an osmotic imbalance and a profound morphological change with proliferating and hypertrophied ionocytes. This thickening of the gill interlamellar cell mass and the shortening of the lamellae induce a reduced osmo-respiratory ratio and reduced respiratory capacity under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Although salinity changes do not affect one of the major antioxidative defense mechanism, it strongly affects apoptosis that appears the most elevated in SW. However, in freshwater condition, fish can maintain their osmotic balance with a low ionocyte density, a low apoptotic level and a drastically reduced O2 consumption in normoxic condition that is maintained in hypoxia. Therefore, S. melanotheron presents the typical functional remodeling due to environmental salinity changes ranging from FW to SW. However, elevated seawater induces major cellular stress inducing a profound gill morphofunctional dysfunctioning. While cell apoptosis is reduced, ionocyte proliferation is massively increased with impaired osmotic regulation and reduced O2 consumption both in normoxic and hypoxic conditions.

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来源期刊
Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology
Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Molecular Biology
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
3.60%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental Zoology – A publishes articles at the interface between Development, Physiology, Ecology and Evolution. Contributions that help to reveal how molecular, functional and ecological variation relate to one another are particularly welcome. The Journal publishes original research in the form of rapid communications or regular research articles, as well as perspectives and reviews on topics pertaining to the scope of the Journal. Acceptable articles are limited to studies on animals.
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