Sesuvium portulacastrum L. 对低温胁迫的生理反应和耐受性

IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Jingtao Ye, Jingyi Yang, Rou Zheng, Jiawen Yu, Xiamin Jiang, Sheng Li, Maowang Jiang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

马齿苋(Sesuvium portulacastrum L.)通常被称为海马齿苋,是一种多年生盐生物种,在海洋生态恢复方面具有巨大的发展潜力。然而,由于其亚热带特性,它在温度较低的高纬度地区的生长受到限制。此外,有关其耐寒性的文献也很少。因此,本研究以在宁波(北纬 29°77')自然越冬的马齿苋植株为研究对象,调查其形态、组织学、生根和生理对低温(7 °C、11 °C、15 °C和 19 °C)的反应。研究结果表明,随着温度的降低,冷害的严重程度也在增加。在 7 °C 时,植物无法生根,随后死亡。与此相反,在 11 °C时,根系发育,而在 15 °C和 19 °C时,植物生长旺盛,在叶片数量和根系长度方面明显优于 11 °C组(P <0.05)。组织学分析表明,在冷胁迫下,叶片厚度明显减少(P <0.05),7 °C组的叶片结构紊乱,而在较高温度下,叶片结构保持稳定。7 °C和 11 °C组的维管束皮层中没有明显的根原基,这与 15 °C和 19 °C组形成鲜明对比。叶绿素总含量随温度升高而降低,依次为19 °C > 15 °C > 11 °C > 7 °C。值得注意的是,7 和 11 °C 组的抗坏血酸含量明显高于 15 和 19 °C 组。此外,7 °C组的脯氨酸浓度比19 °C组高约四倍。与 15 和 19 °C组相比,7 和 11 °C组的抗氧化酶--超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性显著升高。此外,7 °C组的丙二醛含量(36.63 ± 1.75 nmol/g)明显高于15 °C组和19 °C组,分别约为5.5倍和9.6倍。总之,7 °C是马齿苋茎段的临界温度;低于这一温度,细胞的平衡被破坏,导致脂质过氧化物过度积累,随后因无法中和过量活性氧而死亡。11 °C时,虽然光合作用受损,但自我保护机制(如增强的抗氧化系统和渗透调节)被激活。然而,根系发育受到影响,导致生长受阻。这些结果有助于扩大马齿苋的地理分布,并为其在高纬度海产养殖中恢复生态提供了理论依据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Physiological response and tolerance of Sesuvium portulacastrum L. to low temperature stress

Physiological response and tolerance of Sesuvium portulacastrum L. to low temperature stress

The plant Sesuvium portulacastrum L., commonly referred to as sea purslane, is a perennial halophytic species with significant potential for development in marine ecological restoration. However, its growth is limited in high-latitude regions with lower temperatures due to its subtropical nature. Furthermore, literature on its cold tolerance is scarce. This study, therefore, focused on sea purslane plants naturally overwintering in Ningbo (29°77’N), investigating their morphological, histological, rooting, and physiological responses to low temperatures (7 °C, 11 °C, 15 °C, and 19 °C). The findings indicated an escalation in cold damage severity with decreasing temperatures. At 7 °C, the plants failed to root and subsequently perished. In contrast, at 11 °C, root systems developed, while at 15 °C and 19 °C, the plants exhibited robust growth, outperforming the 11 °C group in terms of leaf number and root length significantly (P < 0.05). Histological analyses showed a marked reduction in leaf thickness under cold stress (P < 0.05), with disorganized leaf structure observed in the 7 °C group, whereas it remained stable at higher temperatures. No root primordia were evident in the vascular cambium of the 7 and 11 °C groups, in contrast to the 15 and 19 °C groups. Total chlorophyll content decreased with temperature, following the order: 19 °C > 15 °C > 11 °C > 7 °C. Notably, ascorbic acid levels were significantly higher in the 7 and 11 °C groups than in the 15 and 19 °C groups. Additionally, the proline concentration in the 7 °C group was approximately fourfold higher than in the 19 °C group. Activities of antioxidant enzymes—superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase—were significantly elevated in the 7 and 11 °C groups compared to the 15 and 19 °C groups. Moreover, the malondialdehyde content in the 7 °C group (36.63 ± 1.75 nmol/g) was significantly higher, about 5.5 and 9.6 times, compared to the 15 °C and 19 °C groups, respectively. In summary, 7 °C is a critical threshold for sea purslane stem segments; below this temperature, cellular homeostasis is disrupted, leading to an excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides and subsequent death due to an inability to neutralize excess reactive oxygen species. At 11 °C, although photosynthesis is impaired, self-protective mechanisms such as enhanced antioxidative systems and osmoregulation are activated. However, root development is compromised, resulting in stunted growth. These results contribute to expanding the geographic distribution of sea purslane and provide a theoretical basis for its ecological restoration in high-latitude mariculture.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
126
期刊介绍: Founded in 1995, Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants (PMBP) is a peer reviewed monthly journal co-published by Springer Nature. It contains research and review articles, short communications, commentaries, book reviews etc., in all areas of functional plant biology including, but not limited to plant physiology, biochemistry, molecular genetics, molecular pathology, biophysics, cell and molecular biology, genetics, genomics and bioinformatics. Its integrated and interdisciplinary approach reflects the global growth trajectories in functional plant biology, attracting authors/editors/reviewers from over 98 countries.
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