衡量化工行业的无害生态做法

IF 1.8 3区 化学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Michèle Friend
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我提出了一种比较性的整体方法,用于定性衡量化学领域的良好生态实践。我考虑的是人类开发和使用化学品的整个过程,即从摇篮到坟墓,从它们从地球、生物质、水或空气中提取出来的那一刻起,到它们在工厂中的运输、净化、混合和加工,到它们在市场上的销售,再到来自工厂、包装、运输和消费者的废品。我将化学品的 "生命 "地点相应地划分为四个时空区域。然后,我使用 "机构罗盘 "法对实践的生态合理性进行定性解读,其中实践指的是研究、工业采用和在市场上的大规模销售。定性读数的形式是一个三叉圆上的箭头。箭头整体代表一个数据表。数据可以是经济、社会或环境数据。箭头有一个测量值:度数和长度。度数代表和谐、纪律和兴奋等品质。长度代表质量的重要性、势头或幅度。我们使用罗盘法来比较同一产品在不同时期的表现,或可相互替代的、在不同地方使用不同设备或工艺开发的化学品。在结论部分,我将讨论适用于指南针的客观性和科学性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Measuring ecologically sound practice in the chemical industry

Measuring ecologically sound practice in the chemical industry

I present a comparative and holistic method for qualitatively measuring sound ecological practice in chemistry. I consider chemicals developed and used by man from cradle to grave, that is, from the moment they are extracted from the earth, biomass, water or air, to their transportation, purification, mixing and elaboration in a factory, to their distribution by means of the market, to waste products both from the factory, packaging, transportations and by the consumer. I divide the locations of the ‘life’ of the chemical into four spatio-temporal areas accordingly. I then use the ‘instituional compass’ method to determine a qualitative reading of the ecological soundness of the practice, where practice means the research, the adoption by industry and the distribution at scale on the market. The qualitative reading is in the form of an arrow on a trisected circle. The arrow holistically represents a table of data. The data can be economic, social or environmental. The arrow has a measurement: a degree and a length. The degrees, represent qualities spaning through: harmony, discipline and excitement. The length represents the importance, momentum or amplitude with which the quality is present. We use the compass method to compare the same product over time, or inter-substitutable, chemicals developed in different places, using different equipment or processes. In the conclusion, I discuss objectivity and science as they apply to the compass.

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来源期刊
Foundations of Chemistry
Foundations of Chemistry HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-
自引率
22.20%
发文量
35
期刊介绍: Foundations of Chemistry is an international journal which seeks to provide an interdisciplinary forum where chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, educators and sociologists with an interest in foundational issues can discuss conceptual and fundamental issues which relate to the `central science'' of chemistry. Such issues include the autonomous role of chemistry between physics and biology and the question of the reduction of chemistry to quantum mechanics. The journal will publish peer-reviewed academic articles on a wide range of subdisciplines, among others: chemical models, chemical language, metaphors, and theoretical terms; chemical evolution and artificial self-replication; industrial application, environmental concern, and the social and ethical aspects of chemistry''s professionalism; the nature of modeling and the role of instrumentation in chemistry; institutional studies and the nature of explanation in the chemical sciences; theoretical chemistry, molecular structure and chaos; the issue of realism; molecular biology, bio-inorganic chemistry; historical studies on ancient chemistry, medieval chemistry and alchemy; philosophical and historical articles; and material of a didactic nature relating to all topics in the chemical sciences. Foundations of Chemistry plans to feature special issues devoted to particular themes, and will contain book reviews and discussion notes. Audience: chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, chemical educators, sociologists, and other scientists with an interest in the foundational issues of science.
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